Section 3: African Americans in the Colonies Chapter 3 Section 3: African Americans in the Colonies
The Middle Passage One leg of the triangular trade Forced transport of slaves from Africa to the Americas 10-40% died in the crossing Endured chains, heat, disease, smells, & cramped quarters Some mutiny Crews were heavily armed
Slavery in the Colonies South Carolina & Georgia Brutal conditions High temperatures & diseases Majority in SC & 1/3 of the population in GA
Slaves were able to maintain their cultural traditions Made baskets & pottery, played music & told stories Africans had superior knowledge of cattle herding & fishing & rice cultivation
Virginia & Maryland Minorities Few came from Africa Performed different work More contact with Europeans (blended customs) Encourage slaves to raise families Expensive to get slaves in
New England & the Middle Colonies By late 1700’s only 50,000 More diverse economies Slaves worked in cities as cooks, housekeepers, or personal servants Male slaves worked in manufacturing & trading or as skilled artisans, or as lumberjacks, dock workers, merchant sailors, fishermen, whalers, & privateers
Free Blacks Grew after the American Revolution Slave laws discouraged freedom Probably worse off economically Poorer living conditions & severe discrimination Couldn’t vote, testify in court against whites, or marry whites
Laws & Revolts Varied from colony to colony Slaves couldn’t go on ships or ferries or leave the town without a written pass Could be accused of crimes Punishment including whipping, banishment to the West Indies & death
Stono Rebellion 1739- dozens of slaves near Charleston killed more than 20 whites Killed on their way to Florida Opposed slavery through indirect resistance Pretending to misunderstand orders or faking illness