Egyptian Society, Art and Architecture

Do Now What are social classes? Why were they significant in ancient times? Why are they significant today?

Egyptian Society

At the top of the pyramid was the pharaoh. Then came royal family members, priests, and nobles. Below them were craftworkers, scribes, and merchants. Next was Egypt’s largest class, farmers and unskilled workers At the bottom of the pyramid were slaves

Slaves Most slaves had been captured in war They could own personal items, hold government jobs, and gain freedom

Roles Most government officials and craftworkers were men Most women raised children and ran households Women had more rights than in some other societies. For example, they could own properties and businesses. Usually only the children of nobles learned mathematics, literature, and writing. Most boys learned their father’s trades Girls learned household skills and weaving from their mothers by age 12

Art and Architecture Main building material was mud brick Most lived in small houses 2 or 3 stories high with businesses below Pyramids became too expensive Most temples had similar design Art was very formal and many times religious Music and literature were very important

Activity Turn to pages 160 and 161 of your textbook to review the art of Egypt.

Activity Complete Homework and Practice Book page 43

Wrap Up What aspects of Egyptian society can you remember? How was their social structure set up?