1 General Description Heart Arteries Veins THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Chapter 11 The Cardiovascular System

2 The Veins The blood vessels which carry blood back to the heart from the capillaries are called veins. Venous valves

3 venous sinuses of dura mater, diploic veins, superficial veins

4 left superior pulmonary vein left inferior pulmonary vein right superior pulmonary vein right inferior pulmonary vein left atrium Veins of the pulmonary circulation

5 Veins of the head and neck Veins of the upper limb Superior vena cava and its drainage area Veins of the lower limb Inferior vena cava and its drainage area Hepatic portal vein and its tributaries Veins of the systemic circulation

6 left subclavian vein veins of left upper extremity The veins of esophagus, bronchi and parts of posterior wall of chest and abdomen azygos vein right brachiocephalic vein; left internal jugular vein the veins of left side of head left brachiocephalic vein; right internal jugular vein the veins of right side of head right subclavian vein veins of left upper extremity Superior vena cava

7 Superior and inferior ophthalmic vein angular vein deep facial vein pterygoid venous plexus facial vein internal jugular vein cavernous sinus Veins of the head and neck

8 retromandibular vein superficial temporal veins maxillary veins pterygoid venous plexus external jugular vein anterior jugular vein jugular venous arch internal jugular vein subclavian vein angulus venosus

9 Veins of the upper limb Superficial veins cephalic vein basilic vein median cubital vein median antebrachial vein Deep veins axillary vein

10 Brachiocephalic veins right brachiocephalic veins left brachiocephalic veins Superior vena cava azygos vein hemiazygos vein accessory hemiazygos vein Superior vena cava and its drainage area

11 veins of vertebral column external vertebral venous plexus internal vertebral venous plexus veins of vertebral venous plexus

12 Veins of the lower limb Superficial veins small saphenous vein dorsal venous arch of foot great saphenous vein saphenous hiatus superficial medial femoral superficial lateral femoral, external pudendal veins superficial epigastric vein superficial iliac circumflex vein Deep veins femoral vein

13 external iliac vein internal iliac vein common iliac vein testicular vein pampiniform plexus ovarian vein renal veins adrenal veins hepatic veins Inferior vena cava and its drainage area

14 hepatic portal vein splenic vein Hepatic portal vein and its tributaries splenic vein superior mesenteric vein inferior mesenteric vein left gastric vein right gastric vein prepyloric vein cystic vein paraumbilical veins periumbilical venous rete superior mesenteric vein

15 esophageal venous plexus azygos vein superior vena cava left gastric vein hepatic portal vein esophageal veins The chief sites of communications the esophageal venous plexus at the junction of the esophagus and stomach, where the tributaries of the left gastric vein communicate with the tributaries of the esophagus veins which drain into the azygos vein

16 internal iliac vein inferior vena cava rectal venous plexus hepatic portal vein inferior mesenteric vein superior rectal vein common iliac vein inferior rectal veins the rectal venous plexus at the anorectal junction, where the superior rectal veins communicate with the inferior rectal and anal veins

17 hepatic portal vein paraumbilical veins periumbilical venous rete thoracoepigastric veins axillary vein subclavian vein brachiocephalic vein superior vena cava superficial epigastric vein great saphenous vein femoral vein internal iliac vein common iliac vein inferior vena cava the periumbilical venous rete around the umbilicus, where the paraumbilical veins connect the hepatic portal vein with the veins of the anterior abdominal wall by four epigastric routes to superior and inferior vena caval systems