Cell Division A cell grows in size by increasing both the size and the number of its cells. Then 2 grow and divide, forming and so on. Cell Cycle: The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo Cell cycle is also known as the Mitosis cycle. Asexual Reproduction – Mitosis The process in which the nucleus divides to form two new nuclei

Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction: 1. Growth 2 Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction: 1. Growth 2. Repair 3. Replacement Cells that reproduce by asexual reproduction reproduce constantly.

Mitosis Cycle Three stages: 1. Interphase 2. Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase 3. Cytokinesis

Interphase occurs before mitosis begins Interphase is considered to be the 'living' phase of the cell, in which the cell obtains nutrients, grows to full size, reads its DNA, and conducts other "normal" cell functions. Majority of the life of the cell CELL MEMBRANE Nucleus Cytoplasm

Interphase: considered to be the 'living' phase of the cell, in which the cell obtains nutrients, grows, reads its DNA, and conducts other "normal" cell functions. Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Stage 2: Mitosis Mitosis begins – cells begin to divide Scientists divide mitosis into 4 parts, or phases: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Phase 1 Prophase Centrioles (or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite end of the cell. Spindle fibers form between the poles. Nuclear envelope breaks down Centrioles Sister chromatids Spindle fibers

Prophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Spindle fibers Centrioles Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Phase 2: Metaphase Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers at its centromere (center). The Chromosomes line up across the center of cell. Spindle fibers

Metaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Phase 3: Anaphase The chromosomes split in half. Each side of the newly split chromosome move to opposite ends of the cell. Centrioles Spindle fibers

Anaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Phase 4: Telephase Two new nuclei form. Chromosomes appear as chromatin (threads rather than rods). A new nuclear envelope forms around each region of chromosomes. Mitosis ends. Nuclei Nuclei Chromatin

Telophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Stage 3: Cytokinesis occurs after mitosis Final stage of the cell or mitosis cycle. Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells – each with its own nucleus with identical chromosomes.

Typical Cell cycle in an animal cell

Time to complete cycle? How long it takes for a cell to go through mitosis depends on the cell. A human liver cell, for example, completes one cell cycle in about 22 hours.

Animal Mitosis -- Review Interphase                                                              Prophase                                                              Metaphase                                                              Anaphase                                                              Telophase                                                             

Plant Mitosis -- Review Interphase                                                              Prophase                                                              Metaphase                                                              Anaphase                                                              Telophase                                                             

IPMATC REMEMBER! Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis IPMATC A mnemonic to help remember the stages of mitosis. I Pray More At The Church