Baroque Period

Start of the Baroque Period Start of the Common Practice Period End of the Renaissance Period First opera was in 1600

Movement – a part of a work, sounds complete in itself with a beginning middle and end. Think of it like a chapter in a book

Concerto Instrumental soloist with orchestra Multi-movement (usually 3) FSF First movement is in Ritornello Form

Vivaldi Spring Solo Concerto - multi-movement work for orchestra and a soloist – features cadenza Usually 3 movements Fast Slow Fast Cadenza - the part in a concerto where the orchestra stops playing and the soloist is featured.

Vivaldi Spring (cont.) Program music – music that has an extra-musical idea to go along with it. It might be a story, an idea, a picture, or a text.

Ritornello form Main theme is called the Ritornello (means “return”). The main theme returns regularly. Common practice period = key. Each time the ritornello appears, it is in a new key

Modulation To change from one key to another In “artfully” done music, it’s not noticeable that you’ve changed keys! You’ll almost always come back to the home key that you hear in the beginning

Ritornello Form Movement begins with the ritornello stated in the home key and all the way through.

Ritornello Form Movement begins with the ritornello stated in the home key and all the way through. Followed by a solo episode - a passage by the soloist. The solo episode changes key

Ritornello Form Followed by a solo episode - a passage by the soloist. The solo episode changes key The ritornello is heard again, but in a shortened form, and in a new key

Ritornello Form The ritornello is heard again, but in a shortened form, and in a new key Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again

Ritornello Form Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again The ritornello is brought back, shortened again and in a new key This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement

Ritornello Form Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again The ritornello is brought back, shortened again and in a new key This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement

Ritornello Form This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement There may be a cadenza (the part where the orchestra stops playing while the soloist “shows off”)

Ritornello Form This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement At the end of the movement, we will once again hear the ritornello all the way through and in the home key

Suite A collection of dances Multi-movement work Each movement is in binary form (AABB) Each movement is based on a different dance rhythm

Suite Originally, the dance pieces were intended for dancing. In the suite, it is more considered “absolute” music for listening, not dancing

Suite The movements alternate between fast and slow tempos Usually begins with a prelude All are in the same key (or related keys) No applause until the end!

J.S. Bach: Suite in E Minor, BWV 996 Preludio (Passaggio / Presto) SF Allemande S Courante F Sarabande S Bourree F Gigue F