Network Technology Foundations © 2004 ProsoftTraining All Rights Reserved

Lesson 2: TCP/IP Suite and Internet Addressing

Objectives Define and describe the Internet architecture model and various Internet protocols Define and describe the Internet architecture model and various Internet protocols Describe the purpose of RFCs Describe the purpose of RFCs Explain the routing process Explain the routing process Compare and contrast RIP with OSPF Compare and contrast RIP with OSPF Describe port numbers and their functions Describe port numbers and their functions Explain IP addressing, address classes, default subnet masks and the use of private IP addresses Explain IP addressing, address classes, default subnet masks and the use of private IP addresses Define the TCP/IP properties needed to configure a typical workstation Define the TCP/IP properties needed to configure a typical workstation Describe various diagnostic tools for troubleshooting TCP/IP networks Describe various diagnostic tools for troubleshooting TCP/IP networks

Internet Architecture Application Layer Transport Layer Internet Layer Network Access Layer

Requests for Comments (RFCs) Protocol states Protocol states Maturity levelMaturity level AdditionalAdditional

Internet Protocols Network access layer Network access layer Internet layer Internet layer Transport layer Transport layer Application layer Application layer

Demultiplexing

Introduction to Routing Direct routing Direct routing Indirect routing Indirect routing Routing process Routing process Routing information tables Routing information tables Static versus dynamic routing Static versus dynamic routing

Routing Protocols Interior versus exterior protocols Interior versus exterior protocols RIP RIP OSPF OSPF

Port Numbers Classifying port numbers Classifying port numbers Well-known port numbers Well-known port numbers Registered port numbers Registered port numbers

Internet Addressing field1. field2.field3.field4 Each field represents one byte of data

Subnet Mask Distinguishes the network and host portions of an IP address Distinguishes the network and host portions of an IP address Specifies whether a destination address is local or remote Specifies whether a destination address is local or remote Network portion of an Internet address can be determined using the TCP/IP ANDing function Network portion of an Internet address can be determined using the TCP/IP ANDing function

Internet Address Classes Class A Class A Class B Class B Class C Class C Class D Class D Class E Class E

Default Subnet Masks for IP Address Classes

Private IP Addresses

Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Shortcomings of IPv4 Shortcomings of IPv4 Limited address spaceLimited address space Lack of securityLack of security Speed problemsSpeed problems Configuration problemsConfiguration problems Strengths of IPv6 Strengths of IPv6 More efficient and requires less administrative overhead than IPv4More efficient and requires less administrative overhead than IPv4 Provides a practically unlimited number of IP addressesProvides a practically unlimited number of IP addresses Less dependent on routersLess dependent on routers

System Configuration and IP Addresses Default gateway Default gateway Loopback address Loopback address Broadcast address Broadcast address Network and special-case source addresses Network and special-case source addresses Normal TCP/IP workstation configuration Normal TCP/IP workstation configuration

Diagnostic Tools for Internet Troubleshooting ping ping tracert and traceroute tracert and traceroute route route netstat netstat nbtstat nbtstat ipconfig — Windows NT/2000/XP ipconfig — Windows NT/2000/XP ifconfig — UNIX/Linux ifconfig — UNIX/Linux winipcfg — Windows 95/98/Me winipcfg — Windows 95/98/Me arp arp Network analyzers Network analyzers