By: Dr. Sumaya Ahmed Zakieldeen Institute of Environmental Studies (U OF K) National Adaptation Plan Project (NAPP) workshop November 2011

 NAPA represents the first and only existing national adaptation planning;  NAPP will be base on NAPA methodology  Need for consideration of additional methods for medium and long-term planning  After the success of the NAPA the interest was in a comprehensive strategy that would do combination of both short-term and long-term planning and also combine Top- down and bottom-up approach.  Need for consideration of additional methods for medium and long-term planning

 For the NAPP there be must be consideration of mapping and modelling, vulnerability mapping and assessment, assessment of adaptation options and cost-benefit analysis to insure avoidance of mal- adaptation.  The NAPA process has generated considerable knowledge and expertise that in addition to the wealth of information been gathered. These represent real assets for the NAP Project.

National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA)  Partners: HCENR, UNDP, MIC, governments of Central Equatoria, River Nile, Gedarif, South Darfour and North Kordofan states  The overall goal of the NAPA process in Sudan has been to identify urgent and immediate activities to address climate variability and climate change within the context of the country’s economic development priorities.  Focused on three sectors  planning, awareness, capacity building, identification of adaptation activities for implementation through LDCF.

NAPA process was based on both :  Top-down (desk-based ): review and synthesize available information on adverse effects of climate change in order to provide the NAPA preparation process with a baseline of climate information, to identify critical vulnerabilities to which the adaptation decisions should respond

( Source ( Source Sudan NAPA

The NAPA process was based on participation and consultation as an integral part It used the bottom-up approach which was quite successful For a very intense participation regional workshops were held (in each of five selected ecological zones) that in addition to national workshops at the beginning and end of the NAPA process Many people from diverse backgrounds were involved in each workshop (farmers, herders, national and international NGOs, government officials, students, employees, community-based organizations, native administration representatives (omdahs or sheikhs), researchers, university professors, women’s societies and local organizations),

 Stakeholder during the workshops assessed vulnerability and selected the highly prioritized adaptation options  The diversity of stakeholder involvement guaranteed wide coverage of a variety of different fields thus ensuring broad coverage of the resulting vulnerability assessment and proposed adaptation options.

Awareness raising, introducing climate change problem and its consequences on people livelihood and development and the need for adaptation strategy Capacity building, Identification of the urgent and priority adaptation needs for the most vulnerable areas and systems

 Review of current policies and institutional framework related to the integration and implementation of the NAPA, and needs for improvements  Adaptation options were in line national plans and strategies, even before the completion of the process some its activities were adopted by the local states.  Some State strategies were developed based on NAPA gathered information

 Desk-based synthesis of existing information on current climate variability, climate change, and climate impacts  However, the vulnerability assessment was not exhaustive or highly academic  Nature of climate threats (e.g. drought) in the different States

 Who is vulnerable? (communities, livelihoods) to climate hazards, and where (area/region or other relevant category)  Identification of non-climatic factor contributing to the vulnerability of areas/communities (poverty, inputs, etc)  Identification of key vulnerabilities (most vulnerable areas/communities), use the map of the state to define locations (include coordinates)

 an indication of the duration and spatial, extent of the hazard.  the expected frequency of occurrence trends in the hazards  estimates of the range of impacts, including economic losses, loss of life, and social stress.  prioritization

 the identification of adaptation options (the identified options were ranked based on their prioritization) were done by the vulnerable people themselves in a friendly environment.

Identification and assessment of options and enabling factors, including :  Previous and current practices, management, institutions (government, community, local knowledge) o Programmes, Projects, technologies options o Research and development options o Policies options o Institutional reforms and other recommendations

 All the selected adaptation projects are of triangular nature as they all they contain:  Adaptation options  Recommendation for specific policies reform and  Recommendation for reform for institutional frameworks  They also consider adaptive capacity building