1 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin / School of Library and Information Science.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Dr. Leo Obrst MITRE Information Semantics Information Discovery & Understanding Command & Control Center February 6, 2014February 6, 2014February 6, 2014.

Advertisements

Multilingual Access to Online Content - the Europeana Experience Vivien Petras (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin) With the help of.

Interoperability Aspects in Europeana Antoine Isaac Workshop on Research Metadata in Context 7./8. September 2010, Nijmegen.

Semantic Web Thanks to folks at LAIT lab Sources include :

Using the Semantic Web to Construct an Ontology- Based Repository for Software Patterns Scott Henninger Computer Science and Engineering University of.

IFLA Namespaces Gordon Dunsire Chair, IFLA Namespaces Technical Group Session 204 — IFLA library standards and the IFLA Committee on Standards – how can.

UKOLN is supported by: OAI-ORE a perspective on compound information objects ( Defining Image Access.

3. Technical and administrative metadata standards Metadata Standards and Applications.

A web-based repository service for vocabularies and alignments in the Cultural Heritage domain Lourens van der Meij Antoine Isaac Claus Zinn.

Notes on ThoughtLab / Athena WP4 November 13, 2009 Antoine Isaac

COMP 6703 eScience Project Semantic Web for Museums Student : Lei Junran Client/Technical Supervisor : Tom Worthington Academic Supervisor : Peter Strazdins.

RDF: Building Block for the Semantic Web Jim Ellenberger UCCS CS5260 Spring 2011.

The RDF meta model: a closer look Basic ideas of the RDF Resource instance descriptions in the RDF format Application-specific RDF schemas Limitations.

Samad Paydar Web Technology Laboratory Computer Engineering Department Ferdowsi University of Mashhad 1389/11/20 An Introduction to the Semantic Web.

SemanTic Interoperability To access Cultural Heritage Frank van Harmelen Henk Matthezing Peter Wittenburg Marjolein van Gendt Antoine Isaac Lourens van.

Chinese-European Workshop on Digital Preservation, Beijing July 14 – Chinese-European Workshop on Digital Preservation Beijing (China), July.

1 Semantic Technologies: Diamond in the Rough? Unik Graduate Research Center Dr. Juan Miguel Gomez Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.

Networking Session: Global Information Structures for Science & Cultural Heritage - The Interoperability Challenge «INTEROPERABILITY FROM THE CULTURAL.

Creating Access to Europe’s Television Heritage Prof. Dr. Sonja de Leeuw (project-coordinator, Utrecht University) Johan Oomen MA (technical director,

Semantic Web outlook and trends May The Past 24 Odd Years 1984 Lenat’s Cyc vision 1989 TBL’s Web vision 1991 DARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort 1996.

Co-funded by the European Union The Web as/is Literature: Meaning and Interpretation in the Giant Global Graph Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann London, The British.

The Europeana Data Model: tackling interoperability via modelling Carlo Meghini, Antoine Isaac, Stefan Gradmann, Guus Schreiber, et al. DL.org Autumn School.

The OAI-ORE based data model of Europeana and the Digital Public Library of America: implications for educational publishing Dov Winer MAKASH – Advancing.

RDA and Linked Data by Gordon Dunsire National Seminar, National Library of Finland, Helsinki, Finland, 25 March 2014.

15/11/2011EVA Minerva Jerusalem1 Linked Heritage : Coordination of standards and technologies for the enrichment of Europeana Marie-Véronique Leroi Ministry.

The Europeana Data Model: Constraints and Opportunities Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Based on work done with M. Doerr, S. Hennicke, A. Isaac, C. Meghini,

Logics for Data and Knowledge Representation

The Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) NISO Metadata Workshop May 20, 2004 Rebecca Guenther Network Development and MARC Standards Office Library.

Metadata, the CARARE Aggregation service and 3D ICONS Kate Fernie, MDR Partners, UK.

METADATA QUALITY IN EUROPEANA , Den Haag.

Europeana and semantic alignment of vocabularies Antoine Isaac Jacco van Ossenbruggen, Victor de Boer, Jan Wielemaker, Guus Schreiber Europeana & Vrije.

1 Linked Open Europeana for the Digital Humanities Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin / School of Library and Information Science.

Linked data the next network?. The Web of documents is for people The Web of data is for computers The Web of documents is difficult for computers to.

Interoperability through Library APIs Library Technology Services Open House 7/30/15.

Lifecycle Metadata for Digital Objects (INF 389K) September 18, 2006 The Big Metadata Picture, Web Access, and the W3C Context.

Aligning library-domain metadata with the Europeana Data Model Sally CHAMBERS Valentine CHARLES ELAG 2011, Prague.

EU Project proposal. Andrei S. Lopatenko 1 EU Project Proposal CERIF-SW Andrei S. Lopatenko Vienna University of Technology

1 The Web & Digital Humanities: What about Semantics? Lyon, WWW April 2012 Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin / School of.

LINKED DATA AND RDA: LOOKING TOWARD NEXT GENERATION CATALOGING Jenn Riley Head, Carolina Digital Library and Archives Digital Discussions series Twitter:

1 'Semantic' Libraries: For Which Purpose? Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin / School of Library and Information Science

Antoine Isaac 1 st PRELIDA Workshop Pisa, June 26, 2013.

Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann: Knowledge = Information in Context ICDL 2010, New Delhi, 26 February 2010 Knowledge = Information in Context: on the Importance.

A European Tower of Babel? On the Importance of Semantic Contextualisation for Europeana. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin / School.

A Systemic Approach for Effective Semantic Access to Cultural Content Ilianna Kollia, Vassilis Tzouvaras, Nasos Drosopoulos and George Stamou Presenter:

It’s all semantics! The premises and promises of the semantic web. Tony Ross Centre for Digital Library Research, University of Strathclyde

RELATORS, ROLES AND DATA… … similarities and differences.

SKOS. Ontologies Metadata –Resources marked-up with descriptions of their content. No good unless everyone speaks the same language; Terminologies –Provide.

Co-funded by the European Union Beyond Infrastructure: Further Modeling the Scholarly Domain Tobias Blanke, Sally Chambers, Alastair Dunning, Stefan Gradmann,

Introduction to the Semantic Web and Linked Data Module 1 - Unit 2 The Semantic Web and Linked Data Concepts 1-1 Library of Congress BIBFRAME Pilot Training.

EConnect WP1 & semantic issues VU members –Guus Schreiber, Antoine Isaac, Jacco van Ossenbruggen, Jan Wielemaker.

Of 33 lecture 1: introduction. of 33 the semantic web vision today’s web (1) web content – for human consumption (no structural information) people search.

1 Linked Open Europeana: Semantic Leveraging of European Cultural Heritage Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Humboldt-Universität.

The RDF meta model Basic ideas of the RDF Resource instance descriptions in the RDF format Application-specific RDF schemas Limitations of XML compared.

Metadata : an overview XML and Educational Metadata, SBU, London, 10 July 2001 Pete Johnston UKOLN, University of Bath Bath, BA2 7AY UKOLN is supported.

EUROPEANA DATA MODEL, Past and Present Valentine Charles | EDM worskhop 2015 Netherlands, Public Domain , Rijksmuseum Anonymous Arrival of a.

EDM Europeana Data Model Guus Schreiber with input from Carlo Meghini, Antoine Isaac, Stefan Gradmann, Maxx Dekkers et al. from Europeana V1.

THE SEMANTIC WEB By Conrad Williams. Contents  What is the Semantic Web?  Technologies  XML  RDF  OWL  Implementations  Social Networking  Scholarly.

1 Open Ontology Repository initiative - Planning Meeting - Thu Co-conveners: PeterYim, LeoObrst & MikeDean ref.:

Open Archive Forum Rachel Heery UKOLN, University of Bath UKOLN is funded by Resource: The Council for Museums, Archives.

The Semantic Web. What is the Semantic Web? The Semantic Web is an extension of the current Web in which information is given well-defined meaning, enabling.

Objectives and scope of semantic enrichment and tools Europeana v1.0 work package 3 meeting Berlin, 25/26 January 2010 Stefan Gradmann / Marlies Olensky.

1 Publications = Data, Data = Publications A Semantic Publishing Vision Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin / School of Library and.

Semantic & Multilingual Interoperability in Cultural Heritage Information Systems Vivien Petras Berlin School of Library and Information Science 14 November.

MICHAEL and the European Digital Library: promoting teaching, learning and research The MICHAEL Project is funded under the European Commission eTEN Programme.

Introduction to the Semantic Web. Questions What is the Semantic Web? Why do we want it? How will we do it? Who will do it? When will it be done?

1 The Europeana Data Model (EDM): Object Representations, Context and Semantics Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin / School of Library.

RDA, linked data, and update on development

Applications of IFLA Namespaces

Metadata for research outputs management

Antoine Isaac SEMIC conference

Presentation transcript:

1 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin / School of Library and Information Science

2 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Overview Re: David: From 'oral' to 'written' (Plato) – from 'written' to 'digital' (David) – changing cultural techniques are threatening Linked Open Data: What is it, how does it work? How does it relate to the Semantic Web? Linked Open Europeana: how will it work in Europeana … for the citizen: scholars, pupils and teachers, tourists, politicians, entrepreneurs Conclusion: on the importance of being 'open'.

3 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Taking Semantic Web to Helsinki... Apologies first: I am aware of speaking in a country that named Tim Berner-Lee for its first Millennium Technology Prize as early as 2004 Delivering this talk in such a place is courageous … It may be equivalent of … selling snow to eskimos … carrying coals to Newcastle … bringing beer to Munich And I've done it before: some of you may remember me delivering a talk on Semantic Web issues here in Helsinki back in 2004! → Thank you for the invitation, be humble, and quote Tim Berners-Lee excessively Tarja Halonen & TBL

4 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 The Web of Documents Information Management: A Proposal (TBL, 1989)

5 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Resources and Links in the Document Web We have HTTP URIs to identify resources and links between them – but we are missing a few things! What kinds of resources are 'Louvre.html' and 'LaJoconde.jpg'? A machine cannot tell. Humans can: we recognize implied context! How exactly do they relate to each other? A machine cannot tell. Humans can: again we recognize implied context!

6 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Syntactically Extending the Document Web (1) We add a syntax for making statements on resources: RDF Or, more generally triples... … where S and P are web resources (identified using URIs) and O is either a web resource or a literal

7 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Syntactically Extending the Document Web (2) We add a schema language (RDFS) with elements such as classes, hierarchies of classes and properties, inheritance support for basic inferencing. And thus are able to establish structures in triple aggregations resulting in lightweight domain ontologies:

8 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 The Web of Things … Somewhat Mistaken Taken from Ronald Carpentier's Blog at /08/08/1-2-3/ What's wrong with this picture?

9 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … and the Way we extend the Web in scope to make it a 'Web of Things'

10 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 And we get … Linked Data Copyright © 2008 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio)

11 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 LoD … and the Semantic Web? “Semantic Web done right” (TBL, → What was wrong about the Semantic Web in 2007? Artificial Intelligence heritage (agents, heavy logic) Mostly corporate, inhouse applications Little visibility on the WWW (“Where's the Web in the SW?” Frank van Harmelen, 2006) Misuse of the attribute 'semantic' „I called this graph the Semantic Web, but maybe it should have been Giant Global Graph!“ (TBL, => Linked Open Data extends the Web of documents in syntax and scope without falling back into the mistakes of Artificial Intelligence. Future extensions may well grow into a truly 'semantic' web … (≠Web 3.0)

12 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 The Europeana Data Model: Making Europeana Part of Linked Open Data Partially based on Martin Doerr, Stefan Gradmann, Steffen Hennicke, Antoine Isaac, Herbert Van de Sompel: The Europeana Data Model (IFLA 2010)

13 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Pre-EDM This made V. Reding promise a „European Digital Library“ in 2005

14 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 ESE “ Europeana Semantic Elements” (ESE) Created for 2008 version of Europeana enforces interoperability by converting datasets to a Dublin-Core like “flat” representation “simple and robust” but: original metadata is not visible anymore no specializations to finer-grained models no connections to external (open data) resources Probably shouldn't have been called “semantic” :-)

15 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 EDM “Europeana Data Model” (EDM) destined to replace ESE with the 2011 release of Europeana ESE “application profile” of EDM (backwards compatibility) preserves original data while still allowing for interoperability allows for Semantic Web representation

16 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 EDM and other standards Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) Models the KOSs in the Semantic Data Layer of Europeana. Allows for matching between KOSs. DCMI Metadata Terms Used for a core of semantically interoperable properties for descriptive metadata about an object. Ensures backwards compatibility to ESE. Open Archives Initiative Object Reuse & Exchange (OAI ORE) Organizes the metadata about an object in Europeana: Provided Object: Represents the described object of interest. Digital Representation: Some digital view of the object. Proxy: The description of the provided object from one given perspective. Aggregation: Groups all information pieces together.

17 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Mona Lisa: French Ministry of Culture

18 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Metadata Record in EDM Proxy Aggregation Digital Representations Object of Interest

19 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Different Semantic Grains Keep data expressed as close as possible to original model. Using mappings to more interoperable level: the EDM.

20 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Semantic Enrichment ens:Agent: persons or organizations ens:Place: spatial entities ens:TimeSpan: time periods or dates skos:Concept: entities from KOS

21 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Event-Centric Modeling Preserving and exploiting original data also means being compatible with descriptions beyond simple object level

22 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Complex Objects Part-whole links for complex (hierarchical) objects Order among parts of objects Derivation and versioning relations

23 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Current State of EDM Confirmed feasibility in community workshops (archives, libraries, audiovisual archives, museums). The EDM is now closely articulated with the 'Danube' requirement process (Europeana release 2011). We're in the course of prototyping on a larger scale. EDM Specifications and Primer: project/technicaldocuments/ EuropeanaLabs:

24 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … and LoD

25 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 An Aggregation...

26 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … some context

27 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … more context

28 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … and the Big Picture: The Semantic Data Layer

29 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 The Semantic Data Layer 29 library archive museum Bridging „isles of information“ by connecting objects from different domains via cross-vocabulary links.

30 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 EDM and Linked Open Data Europeana Information Space Context Data DBpedia PND and SWD (prototype) Geonames LCSH …

31 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 'Beyond Catalogues and Records' generates new questions! Where do resource aggregations 'start'? Where do they 'end'? And what constitutes document boundaries?? And which node was connected to which one at a given time??? A B C

32 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … and new opportunities: Triple Sets and Reasoning (1)

33 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Triple Sets and Reasoning (2)

34 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Triple Sets and Reasoning (3) → Potential of novel digital heuristics!

35 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 An Example (1)

36 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 An Example (2)

37 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 An Example (3)

38 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 An Example (4)

39 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 An Example (5)

40 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 An Example (6)

41 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 An Example (7) Adam & Eve ∞

42 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 The Datacloud Behind the Example

43 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Semantic Exploration, Context Discovery and Knowledge Generation: Semantics for the Citizen

44 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 What if... Europeana EDM is fully implemented and data migrated. Data originating from public bodies (PSI) are available as LoD As in And we combine all this with the rest of the Cloud: what use to make of all this?

45 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 SwickyNotes: Ontology Based Annotation as Linked Open Data

46 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 “Cretans are always Liars” … annotated

47 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Perseus

48 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 “Cretans are always Liars” … in Perseus!

49 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 → Lidell-Scott … and further! → Isidore → Europeana → National Digital Library of Finland → Wordnet, OpenCalais, Geonames …: into context!!!

50 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … for the Citizen: Examples(1) Tourists and the like Helsinki: Plan my museum day in Helsinki - but avoid long walks and expensive places, expensive being everything > 10 € → Europeana LoD + (LoD version) + ms+and+on+exhibit (LoD) ms+and+on+exhibit Berlin: I'd like to spend a day in places connected to Alexander von Humboldt → Europeana LoD + berlin.de/Fahrinfo/bin/ (LoD) + berlin.de/Fahrinfo/bin/ Berlin: Take me to places that were important in the context of the public uprise 17 th of June 1953 (by bus, please. And mind all the streets that have been renamed after 1990!) → Europeana + (LoD) + (LoD) Italian perspective: show me everything the French have taken away from us (not just La Joconde) → Europeana LoD (provenance info!)

51 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … for the Citizen: Examples(2) Teachers and pupils Find surrealist paintings from France, Spain and Italy – is there a significant difference between the artworks produced in those countries? → Europeana Portal (country facet) Document the post-war history of your hometown → relevant local PSI resources + Europeana LoD Find jazz music by bands from London under CC SA → (BBC Music, MusicBrainz + Europeana LoD) Business people Is there a significant market for access to audiovisual objects of art in France? → Europeana LoD + PSI from INA

52 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … for the Citizen: Examples(3) Politicians To what extent did funding from eContent+ stimulate content digitisation activities over the past 10 years in EU member states? → Europeana Portal (provenance information) Does it actually save money after all to close down the Historic Museum in Hamburg Altona? → Europeana (Logfiles) + relevant local PSI resources (relating cultural resources to financial data) What is the Finnish contribution to Europeana – and what degree of attention did this contribution generate for our country? → Europeana Portal + Logfiles

53 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 … and the political bit

54 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 On the Importance of being 'Open' (1) “Openness (allowing access) is separate question.” (TBL, Does Linked Data work without being 'open'? Technically speaking: yes (cf. pharma industry or biomedical data) But it gets horribly expensive that way … … much too expensive, probably, for Europeana to afford! And much of its 'semantic' charms would be lost in such a setting, anyway.

55 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 On the Importance of being 'Open' (2) This has a number of implications No control over data usage No income to be generated from data access and use Innovative and (commercially) attractive services can be built on LoD → Do not repeat mistakes we are very familiar with from the Open Access debates of the past 10 years! 'open' vs. 'free', 'freen' vs. 'commercial' → Do not exclude commercial reuse for Europeana metadata! → What is the actual value of context (in business terms!)?

56 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Selected Reading Martin Doerr, Stefan Gradmann, Steffen Hennicke, Antoine Isaac, Carlo Meghini, Herbert van de Sompel: The Europeana Data Model. IFLA 2010 (Gothenburg). Session on „Libraries and the Semantic Web“. Stefan Gradmann: Knowledge = Information in Context: on the Importance of Semantic Contextualisation in Europeana. Europeana White Paper 1. White-Paper-1 White-Paper-1 A lot more mercifully skipped...

57 Linked Open Europeana: Semantics for the Citizen. Prof. Dr. Stefan Gradmann National Finnish Digital Library Day, Helsinki, 16/11/2010 Questions?