First Aid and Safety

Fire Safety  Fire Prevention Devices  S  F  Fire Safety Action  Most fatal home fires occur during the ______  Establish escape _______ and __________ them periodically  Set a meeting place ___________ the home for everyone to meet at  Call fire department from a neighbor’s house

Electric Shock  _____________: death resulting from passage through the body of a high- voltage current  Preventing Electric Shock  _______ immediately if something seems to be wrong  _________ cords for fraying or cracked ___________  Do not place cords under a _____ because they can be damaged by walking on them  _________ appliance by pulling on the plug not the cord  Never use appliances or power tools when clothing is _______ or _________ is wet

Natural Disasters  ____________: powerful rainstorm characterized by driving winds.  Preparation includes _________ property and going to a shelter or ___________ the area as the National Weather Service instructs  _____________: powerful twisting windstorm  Storm _________ or basement is the safest place to go, a hallway or ________ away from windows will also work  If outside lay in a ________, face down and cover yourself as best you can with bulky clothing, a blanket, etc.

First Aid  ___________: the immediate, temporary care given to a person who has become sick or who has been injured  Administered in the seconds and minutes following an accident UNTIL proper medical attention arrives on the scene  Can be the difference between _____ and ________

Priorities in and Emergency  The first __ minutes of an emergency are the most important  It is important to remain calm and keep the following in mind  _______ the scene and the victim  ___________or the local emergency number  ________ for the victim

Types of Emergencies  Open Wounds  _____________: a scrape that damages the outer layers of skin, accompanied with little or no bleeding  _____________: a cut, can have smooth or jagged edges and are usually accompanied by bleeding, may also have nerve damage  ___________: wound caused by a pointed object piercing the skin  _____________: results when tissue is separated partly or completely from a person’s body

First Aid for Open Wounds  ________________- apply direct pressure to the top of the wound or to a pressure point, helps to prevent blood loss without cutting off circulation  ________________- clean cloth will help to protect wound from infection  _______________- keep victim laying down, maintain normal body temperature, and get medical help ASAP  ___________- send someone for help, if alone leave the victim only AFTER you have performed first aid

Shock  _________: failure of the cardiovascular system to keep adequate blood circulating to the vital organs of the body  Symptoms  ___________, accelerated or ________ pulse rate, trembling, weakness in arms/ legs, pale or _________ skin, bluish lips/ fingernails, and ___________ pupils

Severe Burns  May be an inconvenience or a life- threatening condition  ___________: superficial burns, involve the top layer of skin, healing takes 5 to 6 days  Sunburn  ____________: involve the top several layers of skin, skin will have blisters and appear blotchy, healing takes 3 to 4 weeks  ____________: most serious of burns, destroy all layers of skin as well as nerves, muscles, fat, and bones, looks black or brown

First Aid for Severe Burns  Stop the burning  Use ________ to cool the area, do not use ____  Cover the burn with a________, _____ dressing to help prevent infection  __________ loosely and do NOT apply pressure to the burn  DO NOT put any kind of __________ on a burn as it can seal in heat  DO NOT break _________  Keep area ___________- minor burns  DO NOT remove clothing __________ to a burn  Burn victims _____ easily so protect victim from drafts- severe burns

First Aid for Swallowing Poisons  Call the nearest _____________________  Nationwide network  Toll free number  FOUND IN PHONE BOOK  Be prepared to give information about the victim, name of the suspected poison, amount of poison swallowed, and time it was swallowed  Poison Control Center worker will give directions further- dilute poison, give an emetic, call 911, etc.  ___________: an agent that induces vomiting, do not administer to someone who is unconscious

First Aid for Snakebites  There are only___ types of poisonous snakes found in the US  Rattlesnake, copperhead, water moccasin/cottonmouth, and coral snake  ______ the wound and immobilize the injured area  Keep affected area __________ than the heart if possible  ______________  DO NOT apply ____, cut the wound, etc.

Contact Poisoning  Plants  Learn what they ____ like (ivy, oak, sumac)  Skin ______ at point of contact  Later _________, swelling, burning, _______, and possibly fever may develop  ____________ contaminated clothing, pour water over area, wash with _______ and water, may require medical attention

First Aid for Choking in Adults  If the victim is ________ to breathe, cough, or speak, begin first aid ________ by administering abdominal thrusts  ________________(______________: application of sudden pressure on the victim’s diaphragm so as to expel the substance blocking the airway  Check, Call if victim cannot speak, breathe, or cough (_______ Check)  Stand behind victim, place thumb side of fist against middle of the victim’s abdomen  Grasp fist with other hand and give quick, upward thrusts

Rescue Breathing for Adults  Done if there ARE signs of _____________, but no breathing  Check to see if the person is conscious  ___their shoulder and ask if they are alright  Call if there is no ______  Care for the victim  _____ their head back  Look, listen, and feel for breaths  Give__ breath every ___ seconds (cycle lasts about __ minute)  Recheck for signs of _________ and circulation about every minute

CPR: Life saving technique in which a heart that has stopped is forced to pump blood to the body by means of applied pressure  A  Open airway as for rescue breathing by doing a head tilt, chin lift  B  Look for the _____ and ______of the chest  Administer rescue breaths if there are no signs of breathing  C  Heart is located below the __________  Compressions on the sternum force blood out of the heart and into the blood vessels  Finding the correct position is crucial when giving _____________

CPR for Adults  Check, Call  Care  A,B,C check  Give ____ chest compressions  Give ____ rescue breaths  Do __ more cycles of ___:__  Recheck for signs of circulation and breathing for no more than ____ seconds  KNOW that CPR will not usually revive a person, but can help to keep them alive until trained help arrives

More Common Injuries  _____________  Caused by nose being struck or dryness  Keep person quiet and still  Have person sit and lean forward  Apply direct ___________ by pressing on the bleeding nostril  Apply a ________ towel to the person’s nose and face  Place a piece of __________ between the upper lip and teeth to stop bleeding