Important Insect Plant Pests and their Hosts in Florida (Vegetable Crops) Kirk W. Martin CBSP USDA-National Needs Fellow Graduate Student-University of Florida Plant Medicine Program and IPM Apprentice-IPM Florida Denise D. Thomas D.P.M. University of Florida Plant Medicine Program and IPM Florida

Banded Cucumber Beetle - Diabrotica balteata Adult Larva (instars) Egg 5-6 mm Up to 9 mm 0.6 mm x 0.4 mm Banded Cucumber Beetle - Diabrotica balteata Vegetable Pest

Yellow-margined Leaf Beetle - Microtheca ochroloma Vegetable Pest Adult Larva Egg 5 mm Five instars Yellow-margined Leaf Beetle - Microtheca ochroloma Vegetable Pest

Pepper Weevil - Anthonomus eugenii Adult Larva (instars) Egg 2-3.5 mm Up to 5 mm 0.5 mm x 0.4 mm Pepper Weevil - Anthonomus eugenii Vegetable Pest

White-fringed Beetle - Naupactus (=Graphognathus) spp. Adult Larva Egg 12 mm (Pupa) 0.9 mm x 0.6 mm White-fringed Beetle - Naupactus (=Graphognathus) spp. Fruit & Vegetable Pest

White Grubs - Phyllophaga spp. Adult Larva Egg 17-21 mm Three instars 2.4 mm x 1.5 mm White Grubs - Phyllophaga spp. Vegetable, Fruit, Turf, Tree, Ornamental & Field Crop Pest

Diaprepes Root Weevil - Diaprepes abbreviatus Adult Larva Egg 9-15 mm 6-18 instars Up to 20 mm 1.2 mm x 0.4 mm Diaprepes Root Weevil - Diaprepes abbreviatus Fruit, Ornamental, Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

American Serpentine Leafminer - Liriomyza trifolii Adult Larva Egg 2 mm Up to 3 mm 1.0 mm x 0.2 mm American Serpentine Leafminer - Liriomyza trifolii Vegetable, Ornamental & Field Crop Pest

Cornsilk Fly - Euxesta stigmatias Adult Larva Egg 4 mm Up to 5 mm 0.9 mm x 0.2 mm Cornsilk Fly - Euxesta stigmatias Vegetable Pest

Darkwinged Fungus Gnat - Bradysia spp. Ornamental & Vegetable Pest Adult Larva Egg 3 mm Up to 6 mm Darkwinged Fungus Gnat - Bradysia spp. Ornamental & Vegetable Pest

Brown Stink Bug - Euschistus servus Field Crop, Fruit & Vegetable Pest Adult Larva Egg 11-15 mm Five instars Up to 10 mm 1.4 mm x 1.2 mm Brown Stink Bug - Euschistus servus Field Crop, Fruit & Vegetable Pest

Southern Green Stink Bug - Nezara viridula Adult Larva Egg 13-17 mm Five instars Up to 10 mm 1.3 mm x 0.9 mm Southern Green Stink Bug - Nezara viridula Ornamental, Field Crop, Fruit & Vegetable Pest

Harlequin Bug - Murgantia histrionica Adult Larva Egg 8-12 mm Five to six instars 1.3-1.4 mm Harlequin Bug - Murgantia histrionica Vegetable Pest

Silverleaf Whitefly - Bemisia argentifolii or Bemisia tabaci Adult Larva Egg 1 mm Four instars Up to 1 mm 0.2 mm Silverleaf Whitefly - Bemisia argentifolii or Bemisia tabaci Field Crop, Ornamental & Vegetable Pest

Green Peach Aphid - Myzus persicae Adult Larva Egg 2 mm Five instars 0.6 mm x .3 mm Green Peach Aphid - Myzus persicae Ornamental, Field Crop, Vegetable & Fruit Pest

Cabbage Aphid - Brevicoryne brassicae Adult Larva Egg 2 mm Four instars 0.7 mm x 0.2 mm Cabbage Aphid - Brevicoryne brassicae Vegetable Pest

Melon Aphid - Aphis gossypii Adult Larva Egg 1-2 mm Up to 1 mm None Melon Aphid - Aphis gossypii Ornamental, Field Crop, Vegetable & Fruit Pest

Potato Aphid - Macrosiphum euphorbiae Ornamental & Vegetable Pest Adult Larva Egg 2-4 mm Four instars Up to 2 mm None Potato Aphid - Macrosiphum euphorbiae Ornamental & Vegetable Pest

Leaf-footed Bug - Leptoglossus phyllopus Adult Larva Egg 2-3 cm Leaf-footed Bug - Leptoglossus phyllopus Ornamental, Field Crop, Fruit & Vegetable Pest

Squash Bug - Anasa tristis Adult Larva Egg 14-16 mm Five instars Up to 10 mm 1.5-1.1 mm Squash Bug - Anasa tristis Vegetable Pest

Garden Fleahopper - Halticus bractatus Adult Larva Egg 7 mm 5 instars 0.7 mm x 0.2 mm Garden Fleahopper - Halticus bractatus Vegetable Pest

Animal, Nuisance, Vegetable & Field Crop Pest Adult Larva Egg 2-6 mm Four instars Up to 2 mm 0.2 mm x 0.3 mm Red Imported Fire Ant - Solenopsis invicta Animal, Nuisance, Vegetable & Field Crop Pest

Bean Leafroller - Urbanus proteus Adult Larva Egg 50 mm (Wingspan) Five instars 2-30 mm 1.0 x 0.8 mm Bean Leafroller - Urbanus proteus Vegetable Pest

Armyworm - Pseudaletia unipuncta Field Crop & Vegetable Pest Adult Larva Egg 4 cm Up to 3.5 cm 0.5 mm Armyworm - Pseudaletia unipuncta Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

Granulate Cutworm - Agrotis subterranea Adult Larva Egg 38-45 mm (Wingspan) Seven instars Up to 37 mm 0.6- 0.7 mm Granulate Cutworm - Agrotis subterranea Ornamental, Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

Southern Armyworm - Spodoptera eridania Adult Larva Egg 33-38 mm (Wingspan) Six instars Up to 35 mm 0.5 mm Southern Armyworm - Spodoptera eridania Ornamental, Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

Beet Armyworm - Spodoptera exigua Field Crop & Vegetable Pest Adult Larva Egg 25-30 mm (Wingspan) Five instars Up to 22 mm Beet Armyworm - Spodoptera exigua Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

Fall Armyworm - Spodoptera frugiperda Adult Larva Egg 32-40 mm (Wingspan) Six instars Up to 34 mm 0.4 mm Fall Armyworm - Spodoptera frugiperda Turf, Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

Yellow Striped Armyworm - Spodoptera ornithogalli Adult Larva Egg 34-41 mm (Wingspan) Six instars Up to 35 mm 0.5 mm Yellow Striped Armyworm - Spodoptera ornithogalli Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

Cabbage Looper - Trichoplusia ni Adult Larva Egg 33-38 mm (Wingspan) 30-40 mm 0.6 mm Cabbage Looper - Trichoplusia ni Ornamental, Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

Imported Cabbageworm - Pieris rapae Adult Larva Egg 45-65 mm (Wingspan) Five instars Up to 30 mm 0.5 mm x 1.0 mm Imported Cabbageworm - Pieris rapae Vegetable Pest

Diamondback Moth - Plutella xylostella Adult Larva Egg 6 mm Four instars Up to 11 mm 0.44 x 0.26 mm Diamondback Moth - Plutella xylostella Vegetable Pest

Cross-striped Cabbageworm - Evergestis rimosalis Adult Larva Egg 25 mm Four instars Up to 17 mm 1.2 mm x 0.9 mm Cross-striped Cabbageworm - Evergestis rimosalis Vegetable Pest

Lesser Cornstalk Borer - Elasmopalpus lignosellus Adult Larva Egg 17-22 mm (Wingspan) Six instars Up to 16 mm 0.6 x 0.4 mm Lesser Cornstalk Borer - Elasmopalpus lignosellus Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

Melonworm - Diaphania hyalinata Adult Larva Egg 2.5 cm Five instars Up to 16 mm 0.7 x 0.6 mm Melonworm - Diaphania hyalinata Vegetable Pest

Pickleworm - Diaphania nitidalis Adult Larva Egg 3 cm (Wingspan) Five instars Up to 15 mm 0.4 mm x 0.6 mm Pickleworm - Diaphania nitidalis Vegetable Pest

Tobacco Hornworm - Manduca sexta Vegetable & Field Crop Pest Adult Larva Egg 10 cm (Wingspan) Five or six instars Up to 8 cm 1.5 mm Tobacco Hornworm - Manduca sexta Vegetable & Field Crop Pest

Western Flower Thrips - Frankliniella occidentalis Adult Larva Egg Up to 2 mm 0.25 mm Western Flower Thrips - Frankliniella occidentalis Ornamental, Vegetable & Field Crop Pest

Melon Thrips - Thrips palmi Adult Larva Egg Up to 1 mm Melon Thrips - Thrips palmi Vegetable Pest

Florida Flower Thrips - Frankliniella bispinosa Adult Larva Egg 1 mm Florida Flower Thrips - Frankliniella bispinosa Fruit, Vegetable & Field Crop Pest

Broad Mite - Polyphagotarsonemus latus Adult Larva Egg minute Broad Mite - Polyphagotarsonemus latus Vegetable Pest

Two-spotted Spider Mite - Tetranychus urticae Adult Larva Egg minute Two-spotted Spider Mite - Tetranychus urticae Ornamental, Vegetable, Field Crop & Fruit Pest

Tomato Russet Mite - Aculops lycopersici Adult Larva Egg minute Tomato Russet Mite - Aculops lycopersici Vegetable Pest

Many thanks to those that contributed to this project Photographs by: Lyle Buss, UF Entomology and Nematology Dr. Paul Choate, UF Entomology and Nematology Dr. John Capinera, Chair, UF Entomology and Nematology Dr. Norman Leppla, Director IPM Florida, UF Entomology and Nematology Dr. Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University - Dept., Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management , Bugwood.org John Folz,, Emeritus Faculty, UF Entomology and Nematology Photographs by: Dr. Russ Ottens, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org Tracy Conklin, UF Entomology and Nematology Larry Williams, Okaloosa County Extension Natasha Wright, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Bugwood.org Dr. James Castner, UF Entomology and Nematology Dr. Wayne Dixon, Florida Division of Plant Industry USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Southern Region

Many thanks to those that contributed to this project Contributors: Dr. Norman Leppla, Director-IPM Florida, UF Entomology and Nematology Dr. Jennifer Gillett-Kaufman, Associate Director IPM Florida, UF Entomology and Nematology Lyle Buss, UF Entomology and Nematology Joyce Merritt, Publications Specialist, IPM Florida and Plant Medicine Program Kevyn Juneau, Research Assistant IPM Florida, UF Entomology and Nematology

References Capinera, J.L., 2001 Handbook of Vegetable Pests. Academic Press: San Diego Hodges, A., Hodges, G., Buss, L., Osborne, L., 2005 Mealybugs& Mealybug Look-Alikes of the Southeastern United States Stehr, F.W. 1987. Immature Insects. Volumes I and II. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company C. Malcolm Beck and John Howard Garrett, 2005 Texas Bug Book The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, Revised Edition. University of Texas Press: Austin, TX. Short, D.E., Simone, G.W., Dunn, R.A. (Eds.), 2001 Commercial Ornamental Nursery Scouting Manual. Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida: Gainesville, FL.