Types of Reactions. There are so many different reactions that happen inside and outside the human body that chemists have tried to organize them into.

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Presentation transcript:

Types of Reactions

There are so many different reactions that happen inside and outside the human body that chemists have tried to organize them into 5 major groups

Synthesis Reactions Two or more substances combine to form a more complex substance (synthesis) 2 or more reactants Only one product

Synthesis reactions A + B AB

Synthesis Reactions A and B may be elements or compounds AB is always a compound N 2 + 3H 2 2NH 3 Produces ammonia to be used in many things, like fertilizer, nylon and plastic.

Examples 2Mg + O 2 → 2MgO S + O 2 → SO 2 2Na + Cl 2 → 2NaCl

Decomposition Reactions A complex substance breaks down into simple substances (opposite of synthesis) 2 or more products Only 1 reactant.

Decomposition reactions AB A + B

Decomposition Reactions AB is always a compound A & B may be elements or compounds 2HgO Hg + O 2 Bleaching hair, antiseptic, rocket fuel

Examples 2HgO → 2Hg + O 2 CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2

Single Replacement Reactions An uncombined element replaces another element that is in a compound. 1 of the reactants must be an uncombined element and the other an ionic compound. 1 of the products must be an uncombined element and the other an ionic compound.

Single Replacement Reactions A + BC AC + B

Single Replacement Reactions Zn + H 2 SO 4 ZnSO 4 + H 2

Double Replacement Reactions Two compounds exchange positive ions. All reactants and products are ionic. Will only occur if at least 1 compound is removed from solution. by precipitation One product is water One product is a gas that bubbles away

Double Replacement Reactions AB + CD AD + CB

Double Replacement Reactions 2NaOH + H 2 SO 4 Na 2 SO 4 + 2HOH

Combustion Reactions A substance burns in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. C 3 H O 2  3 CO 2 + 4H 2 O Propane burns (with the help of oxygen) to produce carbon dioxide and water

Combustion Reaction Be careful not to confuse combustion reactions with single replacement reactions.

Let’s practice!!!!! 3Mg + 2FeCl 3  2Fe + 3MgCl 2 2Fe + 3F 2  2FeF 3 SO 3 + H 2 O  H 2 SO 4 2HI  H 2 + I 2 Li 2 CrO 4 + BaCl 2  2LiCl + BaCrO 4 CH 4 + 2O 2  CO 2 + 2H 2 O 2Al 2 O 3  4Al + 3O 2