© Dr Adnan Gutub Ethics Dr Adnan Gutub

© Dr Adnan Gutub Outline What are Ethics? Protection of Rights Professional Ethics & Computer Ethics Moral & Ethical Problem Ethical Guidelines & Framework Conclusion

© Dr Adnan Gutub Everything that is moral Everything that is legal Ethical All that is moral and legal Legal but immoral: Smoking in public discrimination Moral but illegal: Exceeding Speed limit

© Dr Adnan Gutub What are Ethics? System of legal morals Moral –capable to distinguish between right and wrong A system that guides towards actions good for all

© Dr Adnan Gutub You can't teach me ethics! I learned all my values.....on my mother's knee.....in kindergarten.....from religion You can move from lower to higher levels of moral reasoning "daddy says it is wrong” - fear of punishment "my friends won't like me" - peer pressure "eating ham is wrong” - moral principles

© Dr Adnan Gutub Ali, an old friend, calls you on the phone to say that he is in town. staying at the Holiday Inn for a night while on a business trip for Aramco, his employer company. Ali asks if you would like to get together and talk over old times. You meet in the hotel lobby, and later decide to eat together in the hotel restaurant. When the bill comes you offer to pay your share, but Ali says no, he can charge the meal to his room. Aramco will pay, he says. Ali will pretend you were a business client. Honesty: Ali Dinner Story

© Dr Adnan Gutub Ali later contacts you to ask if you will give him a reference for a job 2to ask for a reference for a job as a financial controller where he will be handling a lot of cash 3to apply for a job as the financial controller of the company that you own

© Dr Adnan Gutub Are Human Rights Protected? Basic Rights LIBERTY RIGHTS Things that I have that no one else should take from me WELFARE RIGHTS Things that I do not have that someone else should give to me

© Dr Adnan Gutub Are Human Rights Protected? Basic Rights LIBERTY The duty not to remove rights, such as the right to: Privacy Freedom Free Consent Freedom of Conscience WELFARE The duty to provide rights, such as the right to: Employment Housing Food Education

© Dr Adnan Gutub Are Other Rights Protected? Future Generations Different Cultures Animals Plants The Earth

© Dr Adnan Gutub employer society clients Other professionals profession Specialization details Which comes first? Which has priority? What happens when you cannot satisfy these different constituencies? Professional Ethics

© Dr Adnan Gutub Computing Professional (IEEE & ACM) Accept responsibility in making decisions consistent with safety, health, and welfare of public Avoid conflicts of interest Be honest and realistic in stating claims or estimates Improve understanding of technology Take task qualified only Offer, accept, and seek honest criticism of technical work. and avoid harming Acknoledge and correct errors Credit properly others contributions Be fair with all persons

© Dr Adnan Gutub Computer Ethics Issues Privacy Security Accuracy Information correctness Access Technology data Property Physical intellectual Data

© Dr Adnan Gutub Moral & Ethical Problems Hacking, cracking, and viruses Can it be justified?? freedom protect your self see your weakness culture Software Piracy

© Dr Adnan Gutub Analysis Total Benefits Total Harms Do the benefits exceed the harms? At the end-point, what is the balance?

© Dr Adnan Gutub Respect privacy of others and do not share your account. Respect copyrights and lows. Obey network guidelines in any system. Do not use facilities for unauthorized purposes. Do not use resources for personal commercial issues. Computing Ethics Guidelines

© Dr Adnan Gutub A Framework for Ethical Analysis Who are affected? What are the outcomes of the proposed solution to the problem?

© Dr Adnan Gutub End Point Ethics Do the total benefits exceed the total harms? Rights Are human rights protected? Rule Ethics Are the harms and benefits fairly and justly distributed? Test of Disclosure How will the solution look if headlined in the newspaper? Social Contract Ethics Are partners, ready to swap positions with each other?

© Dr Adnan Gutub Ethics Examples Administrator Delimma Software Licensing: Stuck in middle Conflicts: with your boss to tag a price.

© Dr Adnan Gutub Understand culture, social, legal issues related to computing. Expect different ethical difficulties. Hold to highest possible ethical standards. Use your internal ethical sense. Wrong ethical choices begins with short-term self-interest. Trust ethics from life experience. Be patient, living ethically need strong sincere motivation. Conclusions