College Prep World History

Who ruled the Italian city-states during the Renaissance? Identify one of the families that ruled during the Renaissance. Merchants Class The Medici’s

What ambitious city constantly seeked power and was situated on a trade route between Rome and France? Siena Piazza del Campo in Siena, Italy

 Florence

What major event marked the end of that city’s role in the Renaissance? The Black Death – Bubonic Plague

The Black Death The Black Death (Bubonic Plague) was a disastrous disease that rampaged through Europe and Asia principally between the years of It was also the first major epidemic disease to strike Europe since the 7 th Century. – It is believed to be the most influential epidemic disease in world history.

Black Death - 2 The Bubonic Plague was spread by black rats that were infested with fleas who were the host to the deadly virus These Black rats originally came from China -- Chinese traders traveled to a number of places and brought the disease to the places they landed – (SE Asia and the Middle East)

Black Death - 3 These sea traders traveled all over the Middle East and most of them ended up in the Ottoman Empire. Traders from Genoa traded grain with the Ottomans and brought the rat infested grain stock back from the Black Sea landed on the shores of Sicily in October of 1347 – which started the Bubonic Epidemic.

“ Oh Father, why have you abandoned me?.. Mother where have you gone?”

Black Death -- 4 The plague quickly spread throughout Italy and eventually all of Europe and later Russia The plague had a host of symptoms High Fever, Aching Joints, Swelling of Lymph nodes, dark blotches or bruises underneath the skin Victims also had heavy sweats and convulsive coughs – they spat blood and had a horrible stench.

Black Death Materials Black Death Mask Black Death Burial Pit

Black Death – 5 The Plague hit all of the major nations hard – especially the Italian Peninsula The Peninsula was an easy target for a few reasons 1 – By being a peninsula it had many ports – prime places for the traders to come in and accidentally bring in the rat infested cargo 2 - Their large overpopulated cities like Florence, Siena and Venice became prime breeding places for the flea carrying rats 3 – The overpopulated places gave fleas the opportunity to easily jump from the rats to clothes.

Black Death -- 6 It is believed that the Bubonic plague killed 60% of the people that were infected by it. It is also believed that it killed between 25 to 50% of the population of Europe That is between million people in total that died at the hands of this terrible disease.

What is Humanism? A genuine interest in the Ancient World

How were the Medici’s important to the Renaissance? Led a resurgence to restore the glory of Rome in Florence They helped to transform Florence into the New Athens of the Renaissance world Lorenzo de Medici

Who created the giant dome at the Santa Maria de Fiora Cathedral – Cathedral of Florence Filippo Brunelleschi

Dome of the Santa Maria de Fiore Cathedral 108 Feet tall from base to the tower The Lantern is almost 72 feet The Dome is 37,000 metric tons Over 4 Million bricks were used It was started in and finished in 1436 The lantern was finished after Brunelleschi’s death in 1472

What concept did this person create which is still the cornerstone of engineering today? Single Point Perspective Filipe Brunelleschi

What crucial concept emerged from this new architect style? The Blueprint Blueprint sketch by Leonardo Da Vinci

What king attempted to invade Italy? Why did he want to invade Italy? Charles VIII of France He wanted to reclaim Naples in the name of his country

Why was it essential for Italian fortifications and cities to have new wider walls? These new walls would support the new weaponry needed They would also resist the incoming new Cannonballs

Identify at least 3 things that Pope Sixtus V did to clean up and change Rome. He rounded up and had all of the criminals executed He had the aqueducts of the city restored He paved Roads and widened streets which helped to lead to population growth

What do people think now about the Renaissance – in terms of the Modern World? Modern Culture began with the Renaissance