Evidence of the Big Bang Theory

What is the Big Bang Theory? The theory that says that the universe began with a super-powerful explosion about 10-15 billion years ago.

What is a Red Shift? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhfnqboacV0 Be ready to take notes!

What is a Red Shift? Does red or blue light have a longer wavelength? Circle One: Red Light Blue Light How is an object moving if it is blue-shifted? It is moving towards Earth. How is an object moving if it is red-shifted? It is moving away from Earth. Do galaxies farthest away move slower or faster than those that are closer?

Hubble’s Expanding Universe /Red Shifts / Big Bang Theory http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVApTLE7Csc Be ready to take notes!

Hubble’s Expanding Universe /Red Shifts / Big Bang Theory Who discovered that the Milky Way is not the only galaxy in our Universe? Edwin Hubble When do scientists think our Universe began? Between 10 and 20 billion years ago. What year was the Hubble telescope put into orbit? What advantage does the Hubble telescope have over telescopes on Earth?

Hubble Ultra Deep Field 3D http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAVjF_7ensg Be ready to take notes!

Hubble Ultra Deep Field 3D What did the telescope find after viewing a black sky for 10 days? What was one difference with the telescope the second time they pointed it at a black area in space? Technology is defined as the use of knowledge gained through science to make new products or tools people can use. What role does technology have in science?

Is there other evidence? Scientists have found leftover cosmic radiation in the form of microwaves that has been around since the big bang explosion. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfhRgh1aqQk

Sun and Stars

Brain Thinkers Compare our sun to other stars in the sky. The sun plays a major role in our lives as humans. Describe some situations where the sun helps us as humans, with our community, and our way of living.

What is our Sun? Our sun is a medium-sized star near the edge of a disc-shaped galaxy of stars. The sun is many thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star.

Characteristics of Stars The Sun is an average star: It’s not the hottest or coolest. It’s not largest or smallest. We can compare stars by color, temperature, size, luminosity and spectrum.

Color and Temperature Color: Stars range in color from red, orange, yellow, white, to blue. Red ----------- Yellow (Sun) ----------- > Blue Temperature: Stars range in temperature from 2000oC--50 000oC. 2 000oC ---------5 000oC (Sun)--------- > 50 000oC

Color and Temperature Color and temperature are linked. The 3,000oC stars are red in color. The 50,000oC stars are blue in color.

Color and Temperature Color Temp. Range (oC) Examples Blue 25000 – 50 000 Zeta Orionis Bluish-white 11 000 – 25 000 Rigel, Spica White 7 500 - 11 000 Vega, Sirius Yellowish-white 6 000 - 7 500 Polaris, Procyon Yellow 5 000 - 6 000 Sun, Alpha Centauri Orange 3 500 - 5 000 Arcturus, Aldebaran Red 2 000 - 3 500 Betelgeuse, Antares

Luminosity Luminosity is related to the distance from the earth and the brightness of the star

Apparent Magnitude – refers to the brightness of a star as it appears to us. Absolute Magnitude – refers to the actual amount of light given off by a star at a standard distance.

Spectrum Spectroscope: Used to measure the chemical composition of the stars. (also temperature and direction the star is moving in relation to the Earth.) How? Set up a spectroscope with different tubes; each gas has different spectras – light patterns.

Questions How is the color of a star related to its temperature? The color of a star depends on its temperature, from red and orange (cool stars) to yellow and white (hotter stars) to blue (very hot stars). 2. Explain why a cooler star could actually appear brighter than a hotter star. A cool star, such as a red giant, could be either closer to us or much larger than a hotter star, such as a white dwarf. (Could be closer and larger)