CAV 100 The Solar System

The Sun 99% of solar system’s mass 99% of solar system’s mass Sunspots-11 year cycle Sunspots-11 year cycle Flares Flares Parts of Sun- Parts of Sun- Photosphere-disc Photosphere-disc Chromosphere-interface Chromosphere-interface Corona-solar atmosphere Corona-solar atmosphere

Smaller space wanderers Asteroids Asteroids Comets Comets Head-nucleus or core-frozen water & dust Head-nucleus or core-frozen water & dust Coma Coma Tail Tail

Meteoroids Classifications of Classifications of Meteoroid-in space Meteoroid-in space Meteor- in atmosphere Meteor- in atmosphere Meteorite-on Earth Meteorite-on Earth

Units of measurement Astronomical unit-average distance between sun and earth- AU- 93,000,000 miles Astronomical unit-average distance between sun and earth- AU- 93,000,000 miles Light year –distance light travels in a year Light year –distance light travels in a year Speed of light- 186,284 MPS Speed of light- 186,284 MPS Total over 5 trillion miles Total over 5 trillion miles

Beyond the solar system Galaxy of the Milky Way Galaxy of the Milky Way One revolution every 200 million years One revolution every 200 million years Sun’s speed-140 miles per second Sun’s speed-140 miles per second Composition of Galaxy Composition of Galaxy Stars-over 200 billion stars Stars-over 200 billion stars Gas-clouds of hydrogen Gas-clouds of hydrogen Dust Dust

Properties of Stars 3000 – 80,000 C 3000 – 80,000 C Red-cool star Red-cool star White- hot star White- hot star Blue-white-hottest star Blue-white-hottest star Stars powered by nuclear fusion- converts hydrogen into helium Stars powered by nuclear fusion- converts hydrogen into helium

Dimensions of the Milky Way Spiral shaped Spiral shaped Width-100,000 light years across Width-100,000 light years across Thickness at center-30,000 light years Thickness at center-30,000 light years

Other galaxies Andromeda-M-31 two million light years away Andromeda-M-31 two million light years away Discovery published by Edwin Hubble in 1923 Discovery published by Edwin Hubble in 1923 Spiral shaped Spiral shaped Width- 100,000 light years Width- 100,000 light years Billions of stars Billions of stars Local group- 20 galaxies Local group- 20 galaxies

Quasars Quasi-stellar objects Quasi-stellar objects Most distant yet discovered Most distant yet discovered Light emissions vary Light emissions vary