Not a Mineral To Determine Whether Something is a Mineral, We Ask 4 Questions: _______________________________? NO __________________________________? NO Not a Mineral ____________________________________? NO _______________________________ _______________________________? NO If the answer to ALL 4 QUESTIONS is YES… It’s a _________________________!

How Many Minerals ARE THERE? Over ____________ minerals occur naturally on earth LESS THAN _______ MINERALS ARE COMMON “Common” minerals are called “_________ _________________Minerals” because they form the rocks that make up Earth’s crust Common Rock Forming Minerals: ____________, Calcite, ____________, Halite, Gypsum

How Do Minerals Form? Two Most Common Ways: Minerals can also form: From cooling____________ or ____________ From the _______________________ of mineral-rich water Minerals can also form: during ____________________________ When hot, mineral-rich solutions ______________ ______________ (metallic minerals forming in veins)

How are Minerals Classified? Into 2 Groups based on their _____________ ___________________: Silicates (contain Silicon (Si) ___________ Oxygen (O) Non-Silicates (contain Si ____ O, but not ______) By looking at the ___________ _____________ of a mineral, you can tell if it’s a Silicate or Non-Silicate Mineral

Silicate Minerals Quartz: (contains ONLY Si _______ O) Contain Silicon (Si) ________ Oxygen (O) Quartz: (contains ONLY Si _______ O) Feldspars (contains Si, O, + ______________ ______________) Make up _____% of the Earth’s Crust Feldspars and Quartz alone make up over ______ % of the Earth’s Crust!

Halite (NaCl) Calcite (CaCO3) Silver (Ag), Copper (Cu) Galena (PbS) Non-Silicate Minerals Do NOT contain Silicon (Si) _______ Oxygen (O) They CAN contain either Si ________ O Make up only _____% of Earth’s Crust Halite (NaCl) Calcite (CaCO3) Silver (Ag), Copper (Cu) Galena (PbS) Pyrite (FeS2) Organized into 6 groups (You don’t have to memorize all the names!) Pg. 113

Are the Following Minerals Silicate, or Non-Silicate Minerals? Fluorite (CaF2) ______________ Hematite (Fe2O3) _______________ Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8) ____________ Pyrite (FeS2) ________________ Quartz (SiO2) _________________

Crystal Structure All minerals have a crystalline ___________ Crystal shape is determined by the arrangement of ____________ in the solid Really nice big crystals only form where ________ allows (caves, bottom of bodies of water, etc) Usually crystals don’t have room to grow and so they grow as a big _________. This makes it difficult to determine crystal shape. Crystal Structure