BELLWORK Describe a positive & negative change made by the church during the Catholic Reformation. Describe a positive & negative change made by the church during the Catholic Reformation. Why were Portugal and Spain rivals during the Exploration Era? How did they negotiate peace? Why were Portugal and Spain rivals during the Exploration Era? How did they negotiate peace? List three reasons people migrated to the new world. List three reasons people migrated to the new world. What is triangular trade? What is triangular trade? What is the middle passage? What is the middle passage? THINKER: How did Europeans view slaves? THINKER: How did Europeans view slaves?

Effects of Exploration - Columbian Exchange Columbian Exchange: Exchange of animals, plants, cultures, slaves, and diseases between the New World and the Old World. Columbian Exchange: Exchange of animals, plants, cultures, slaves, and diseases between the New World and the Old World. Started after the exploration of America Started after the exploration of America Traded crops and livestock Traded crops and livestock Diseases, especially smallpox, killed 50-90% of Native populations. Diseases, especially smallpox, killed 50-90% of Native populations. First appearance of African slaves First appearance of African slaves

Old World Native Plants Citrus, apple, banana, mango, rice, wheat, coffee, and onion. Citrus, apple, banana, mango, rice, wheat, coffee, and onion.

New World Native Plants Corn, tomato, potato, vanilla, rubber, cocoa, and tobacco. Corn, tomato, potato, vanilla, rubber, cocoa, and tobacco.

Smallpox

Colombian Exchange Reading 1. Who were the Taino people? Explain the interaction between the Taino and Columbus’ crew. 2. How were Europeans able to conquer America so easily? 3. Why were New World people so susceptible to disease? 4. Which diseases were transferred between the New and Old World? How did this affect Native populations? 5. How did the horse arrive in the New World? To what extent did the horse transform the culture of the natives? 6. Which Old World animals/plants created problems for the New World? 7. What is milpa farming? 8. How did New World crops create a population explosion? 9. What are ecomiendas? 10. Why did Europeans start using Africans as slaves instead of natives? 11. What do you think was the best Old World contribution to the New World and vice versa? 12. Do you think the “Colombian Exchange” was more of a positive or negative development in world history? Explain!

Human Planet: The Arctic During the exploration era, people had to adapt to the climate/culture of the new region. During the exploration era, people had to adapt to the climate/culture of the new region. For example, in North America they had to focus their farming on corn/beans. For example, in North America they had to focus their farming on corn/beans. Even today, people still adapt their lifestyle in order to live in certain regions of the world. Even today, people still adapt their lifestyle in order to live in certain regions of the world. This is especially true in the arctic! This is especially true in the arctic!