Motivation By: Chris Martinez Christian Valdes Michael Alvarez JP Roa-Shoy Diana Castillo Kimberly Fernandez Kristen Gonzalez

Motivation  The act or instance of motivating Instincts - a natural or innate impulse, inclination, or tendency. Fixed action pattern - native biological force that tells an organism to behave in a strange way in the attendance of a specific environmental condition.

Motivation Continuation Reward/Pleasure center of the Brain: - this involves numeral sections of the brain such as the ventral tegmental area. This also involves several neurotransmitters such as dopamine. - some examples towards reward/pleasure are nicotine addiction, obesity, and sexual activity.

Incentives -Incentives is something that incites or tends to incite to action or greater effort, as a reward offered for increased productivity.

Intrinsic VS. Extrinsic  Intrinsic Motivation: this type of motivation involves getting yourself into activities or behaviors because these behaviors or activities complete our expectations  Extrinsic Motivation: involves getting yourself into in certain activities or behaviors that reduce biological needs

Biological VS. Social Needs  Biological: - requirements that are critical to our survival and physical well-being.  Social: - these are needs that are gained through knowledge and experience.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs  Stage 1 - physiological needs  Stage 2 - safety needs  Stage 3 - love and belonging needs  Stage 4 - esteem needs  Stage 5 - self-actualization

Optimal VS. Ideal Weight  Optimal: - this a persons ideal weight. It is a result form an almost perfect balance between how much food an animal or person eats and how much it needs to meet its body’s energy needs.

Overweight and Obesity  Overweight: - this means that a person is over 20% over the normal body weight.  Obesity: - a person is 30% over the normal body weight.

Hunger Factors.  Psychosocial Hunger Factor: - Learned associations between food and other stimuli. Some examples are eating and watching TV, depression, and when a person is hyper.  Biological Hunger Factor: - these are changes in blood chemistry that either tell us to eat or stop eating.  Genetic Hunger Factors: - determines the number of fat cells that our body burns which can lead us to be underweight, overweight, or normal weight.

Sexual behavior  Genetic sex Factors -the development of sexual organs, the discharge of sex hormones, and the wiring of the neural circuits that control sexual reflexes.  Biological Sex Factors - where the secondary sex hormones kick in and cause secondary characteristics, such as facial hair, breasts, and widening of the hips.  Psychological Sex Factors - this is where you develop your gender identity

Male VS. Female Hormones  Male is XY  Female is XX  Fertilized egg is called a zygote  Contain 23 chromosome  Sperm or egg

Male VS. Female Hormones(cont)  Male  After 5 th week, begin to grow and produce male hormones called androgens.  The most familiar would be testosterone  This triggers the development of sexual organs.

Male VS. Female Hormones(cont)  Female  Does not produce testosterone - meaning that the female automatically develops the female sexual organs

Gender Identity  The feeling and experience of being either gender male or female  Psychological Sex Factors -Developing a sexual identity or gender.

Gender Identity(cont)  Gender Identity Disorder - preferable known as transsexualism - a person who wants the opposite sex parts.  Gender role - is the traditional behaviors and personality traits that determines masculine and feminine.

Double standard for sexual Behavior  Sexual Orientation - this means that you prefer any type of Gender  Homosexual Orientation - pattern of people of the same sexes  Bisexual Orientation - patterns of people of both sexes  Heterosexual Orientation -patterns of people of the opposite sex

Sexual Behavior  Paraphillas - the person likes to have sexual activity with inanimate objects. Such as shoes, clothes etc.  Sexual dysfunction - problems with sexual activities when having sexual intercourse

Psychological VS. Organic factors  Organic factors -medication problems that lead into sexual activity  Psychological Factors -sexual trauma, guilt, and failure to communicate

Achievements  this means to doing things to contribute for knowing and unknowingly, as excuses for failure  Underachievement - underachievers are people that don’t reach their goals