SOCIAL STUDIES Fifth Grade – Week Three

 What two inventions were developed by Thomas Edison?

 The phonograph and the light bulb

 Who invented the first successful powered “flying machine” capable of transporting a passenger?

 The Wright Brothers

 Who encouraged President Roosevelt to begin the Manhattan Project which developed the atomic bomb?

 Albert Einstein

 What company was eventually created due to Thomas Edison’s invention of the light bulb?

 The General Electric Corporation in the 1890’s

 What was the formula developed by Albert Einstein that led to the development of the atomic bomb?

 E = MC 2

 Why were many immigrants “pushed” away from their homelands?

 They wanted to escape religious persecution, poverty, and war.

 What was the result of the rapid growth of industry in U.S. cities?

 There was a need for more labor in the cities which led to urbanization.

 Why didn’t more immigrants take advantage of the free land in the west?

 They were too poor to pay for the trip out west.

 How did “Big Business” effect immigration?

 Big business encouraged the U.S. government to continue an open immigration policy because immigrants were a source of very cheap labor.

 Why did so many farmers have to move to cities to find jobs in factories?

 New farm equipment made farming easier and crops more plentiful, so there was less of a demand for the crops. Farmers began losing their farms since they could pay their debts.

 Where did most of the first immigrants to America come from?

 They were mostly from England, Ireland, and Germany.

 What was the difference in the religious beliefs of the new immigrants who came in the early 1900’s?

 They were mainly Catholics and Jews whereas most who came in the 1800’s were Protestants.

 What were some of the resistance immigrants faced from native- born Americans?

 Americans thought the immigrants were corrupt, thought they were going to take their jobs, and didn’t understand how the worshipped (Catholics and Jews)

 What movement in the late 19th century denied people the right to buy and drink alcohol?

 The Temperance Movement

 What were three major concerns that resulted from so many people moving to the cities (urbanization)?

1. Availability of alcohol 2. Factories with unsafe conditions 3. Organized crime

 Name the “Progressive Presidents” and why they were called that?

 Theodore Roosevelt, William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. All three fought to improve conditions for workers in factories.

 What were the 18 th and 21 st Amendments?

 18 th Amendment:  Outlawed the sale and manufacture of alcohol; however, it could not stop drinking and promoted many illegal activities  21 st Amendment:  Repealed by the 18 th Amendment

 How was the United States viewed after the Spanish-American War?

 As a “world power”

 Which two oceans were joined by the Panama Canal which contributed to America’s commercial and military might and to its image as a world power?

 The Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Oceans

 Before the beginning of World War I, a war in which the U.S. entered reluctantly, American foreign policy was to do what?

 Remain neutral and uninvolved in European politics