World Myths and Folktales. Myths and Folktales:  world’s oldest stories, passed on by word of mouth from generation to generation  vital to modern readers/reveal.

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Presentation transcript:

World Myths and Folktales

Myths and Folktales:  world’s oldest stories, passed on by word of mouth from generation to generation  vital to modern readers/reveal common truths, patterns, and themes familiar to all ages & cultures  explain origin of various rituals and common human experiences  (What are some human experiences/emotions that are universal to all human beings?) T—P--S

Myth—definition (myth)—an anonymous, traditional story passed down by word of mouth that explains:  A belief  A custom  A natural phenomenon Myths originally functioned as-- 1.Early science 2.Early religion 3.Early entertainment

Purposes of Myth 1. To explain the creation of the world and universe 2. To explain the human condition:  How and why people were created  Why people are flawed (sin and evil)  Why there is suffering in the world (sickness, disease, etc.)  Why people must die  What happens to people after death

Differences Between Myths and Folktales Folktales:  include legends fables tall tales fairy tales ghost stories

Think-Pair-Share Brainstorm examples of the types of folktales from the previous slide.

Folktales…  are secular, or nonreligious.  are created for entertainment as well as for teaching social and moral values.

Folktale heroes vs. Mythic Heroes  Folktale heroes are common, everyday folk who don’t have special powers.  Mythic heroes…superhuman offspring of gods or goddesses and human parents

Folktales

Fairy Tales

Fables

Most important difference between myths and folktales…  myths are a direct expression of a culture’s religious beliefs; folktales are not.

Creation myths/Origin myths Describe how a culture believes the world and mankind were created Often contain archetypal themes Function as— 1. Early science 2. Early religion 3. Early entertainment (archetype)--an original model of a person or character, ideal, example, plot,or prototype upon which others are copied, patterned, or emulated

Creation myths/Origin myths (cont.) (archetype)--an original model of a person or character, plot, symbol or prototype upon which others are copied, patterned, or emulated

Archetypes patterns in literature found around the world * Archetypal Plots Ex: *Happily-ever-after tales *Rags-to-riches stories

Literary Terms * Archetypal Characters Ex: *star-crossed lovers *hero *villain *underdog

Literary Terms *Archetypical Setting: *Eden/paradise *Utopia *Dystopia *”wrong side of the tracks” neighborhood *suburbia

Literary Terms *Archetypal Themes Ex: *Love conquers all *Good vs. evil

*Archetypal symbols Ex: numbers as symbols (depends on culture) dove rose colors olive branch

Creation myths/Origin myths (cont.) Common archetypal elements in creation myths across cultures include—  what exists in the very beginning  creator, often omniscient and involved in the existence of his/her creations  Explanation of natural phenomenon—early science (e.g. how evil came to exist, how death came to be, the reason for thunder and other natural occurances, etc.)