Bell Ringer Dr. White conducted a study on the effects of Vitamin C on the body’s immune system. 1.What is the independent variable? 2.What is the dependent variable? 3.What should he operationally define?

Grudge

Placebo A drug that has no medical value given to deceive someone into thinking they are receiving an actual treatment.

Surveys This type of research method involves asking large groups of people to report on their behavior.

Mean The sum of scores divided by the number of scores.

Population In a research study, this is everyone you want to study and describe.

Correlation When two things have a relationship and are dependent of each other. It allows one to predict the other.

Hypothesis A testable prediction.

Skew When unusually high or low scores distort the mean.

Overconfidence Thinking we know more than we really do.

Correlation Coefficient The numerical degree in which two things are correlated.

Case Study This type of descriptive research method examines one individual or group in depth.

Naturalistic Observation This type of research method involves watching and recording behavior, but never to get involved.

Caffeine I want to study the effects of caffeine on attention span. What is the independent variable?

Culture Shared ideas, attitudes, and traditions amongst a group of people which are passed on from one generation to the next.

Dependent Variable The variable that may change depending on the outcome of the experiment.

Operational Definition To define the variables used in a research study.

Double-Blind Procedure An experiment when neither the participants nor the research staff are aware of who received the placebo.

Feral To live away from human contact.

Scientific Method The process to which we make observations, form theories, and then refine theories.

False Consensus Effect To assume everyone thinks and acts like we do because we surround ourselves with people similar to ourselves.

Representative/Random A sample that fairly represents the population.

Experimenter Bias When a researcher’s preferences influence the outcome of a study.

Standard Deviation How much scores deviate from the mean.

Skepticism Questioning things that are believed to be fact.

Survey The drawback to this type of study is the possibility of participants to lie or not remember.

Hindsight Bias The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it.

Range The difference between the lowest and highest scores in a set of data.

Negative What type of correlation is demonstrated by the following statement: “The less you spend, the more you save.”

3 What is the median of the following set of numbers: 3, 8, 2, 5, 1, 3, 8

Confounding Variables Variables in an experiment not caused by the independent variable.

Water Joe wanted to know the effects of water on the growth of grass. What is the independent variable?

Median The midpoint

Clark The last name of the husband and wife duo who testified that under segregation, black children internalized prejudice.

Group B Moe designed a new drug. He then tested it. He gave Group A the drug and Group B a placebo. Which group is the control group?

Case Study The drawback of this type of research method is its limitation on the number of participants.

Experimental Group The group that receives the actual treatment.

Anything furry What was Little Albert was conditioned to fear?

Ethics Moral principles that govern a person’s or group’s behavior.

8 What is the range of the following set of numbers: 3, 9, 2, 1, 5, 6, 8

Illusory Correlation When we think two things are correlated, but aren’t really correlated.

Placebo Effect After taking a water pill, Jackie reports that her symptoms have disappeared. She is experiencing the…

Response Bias When a participant answers questions in the way they think the researcher wants them to.

3 What is the mode of the following set of numbers: 2, 5, 3, 5, 3, 3, 1, 2

Naturalistic Observation Jerry watches and records the behavior of zebras in the wild. What type of research is he conducting?

Intelligence Doug wanted to test the effects of donuts on intelligence. What is the dependent variable?

Brown vs. Board of Ed Landmark Supreme Court case that ruled that separate educational facilities are not equal.

5 What is the mean of the following set of numbers: 2, 5, 4, 9, 5

Mode The score that appears the most.

Control Group The group who do not receive the treatment. They receive a placebo.

Case Study The story of Genie Wiley was an example of what type of research method?

Independent Variable The variable that is being manipulated or tested.

Illusory Correlation Bill believes that if he wears his lucky socks, the Cubs will win. He is suffering from a phenomenon called:

Language The case of Genie Wiley fascinated psychologist because it allowed them to study _______ development.

Replicate Repeating a research study to see if the findings are the same.