Ch. 8.2 Air Pollution and Solutions Land, Air, and Water Resources Ms. De Los Rios 7th Grade Ch. 8.2 Air Pollution and Solutions Essential Question: How Do People use Earth’s Resource? What Causes Outdoor and Indoor Air Pollution? What Causes damage to the Ozone Layer? How can Air Pollution be Reduced? Pgs. 260-269

Vocabulary Emissions- are pollutants released into the air. Photochemical smog- is thick brownish haze formed when certain gases in the air react with sunlight. Ozone- a form of oxygen that has 3 oxygen atoms in each molecule instead of the usual 2 (toxic to organisms where it forms near Earth’s surface.) Temperature inversion- a layer of warm air prevents rising air from escaping. Acid rain- precipitation that is more acidic than normal because of air pollution. Radon- is a colorless odorless gas that is radioactive. Ozone layer- the layer of the upper atmosphere about 30 km above Earth’s surface Chlorofluorocarbon- (CFC) human made gases containing chlorine and flourine that are the main cause of ozone depletion.

What Causes Outdoor and indoor Pollution? Pg. 261 Outdoor Air Pollution You can’t see it, taste it, or smell it, but you are surround it by it! What is it? AIR ____ is a mixture of gases that cycle between living things and the atmosphere. Emissions are pollutants released into the air. A large source of emissions resulting in air pollution outdoors comes from motor vehicles such as cars and trucks. In addition, factories, power plants, and natural sources (methane from cows) cause air pollution. r. last p

Smog pg. 262 Photochemical smog is a thick, brownish haze formed when certain gases in the air react with sunlight. It can cause: breathing problems eye and throat irritation The major sources of smog are the gases emitted by cars & trucks These gases react in the sunlight and produce ozone, a toxic form of oxygen. Ozone can cause: Lung inf. & damage the body’s defenses against infections.

Smog pg. 262 Temperature inversion- a layer of warm air prevents rising air from escaping. During Temperature inversion, a layer of warm air prevents the rising air from escaping. The polluted air is trapped and held close to Earth’s surface. The smog becomes concentrated and dangerous. Figure 2

Acid Rain pg. 263 Precipitation that is more acidic than normal because of air pollution is called acid rain. Acid rain damages plants, waterways, and metals and stones. Acid rain can also take form of: Snow, sleet, or fog A.R. is caused by: Power plants & factories that burn coal and oil that produce nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides when they are burned. r. Pg 263 Apply iT!!!! Fig. 3 In the text underline the cause of acid rain.

Air Pollution and Solutions pg. 264 Indoor Air Pollution Indoor air pollution has many sources. Even indoor air can be polluted. Some substances that cause indoor air pollution, such as dust and pet hair, bother only those people who are sensitive to them. Other indoor air pollutants, such as toxic chemicals, can affect anyone. Radon is a colorless, odorless gas that is radioactive. Assess your Und. Fig. 4 Circle the sources of indoor air pollution in this room.

Ozone is a pollutant (r. p. 2/3) Fig. 5 Air Pollution and Solutions pg. 265 Ozone Cycle The ozone cycle prevents harmful ultraviolet radiation from reaching Earth’s surface. The ozone layer is a layer of the upper atmosphere about 30 kilometers above Earth’s surface. It protects people from the effects of too much ultraviolet radiation. (protects people from sunburn, eye disease, & skin cancer) Ozone is a pollutant (r. p. 2/3) Ozone is constantly being made and destroyed as part of the ozone cycle. Each time the cycle occurs, UV energy Is absorbed! Read Fig. 5 Cycle begins here

What Causes Damage to the Ozone Layer? pg. 265 The amount of ozone in the ozone layer is decreasing, creating an ozone hole. Scientists determined that the major cause of the ozone hole is a group of gases called chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs. Chlorofluorocarbon- (CFC) human made gases containing chlorine and flourine that are the main cause of ozone depletion. Sprays, a/c, household products contain CFCs. Most uses of CFCs were banned in 2000.

Fig. 7 266 Air Pollution and Solutions pg. 266 Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation The amount of ozone in the atmosphere and the amount of UV radiation reaching Earth are linked. Label which curve represents ozone and which represents UV radiation? Explain the graph in your own words. ____________________________________________________________________________________

What’s Being Done pg. 267 Ban on CFCs products 2000 Some products are still allowed CFC molecules remain in the atmosphere Scientist predict that ban will allow the ozone layer to gradually recover Researcher have develop ways to make products without using CFCs The substitutes that were developed, are less harmful than CFCs

How Air Pollution Can be Reduced? The key to reducing air pollution is to control emissions. Factories and vehicles use devices and systems to reduce emissions. Individuals can reduce air pollution by using electricity and motor vehicles less. Figure 8

Where Does an Apple Really Come From? Fig. 9 Air Pollution and Solutions pg. 269 Where Does an Apple Really Come From? Many things in our everyday lives, even where food comes from, can contribute to air pollution.

Air Pollution and Solutions pg. 269 Analyze Costs and Benefits What are the pros and cons of buying apples that were grown locally instead of those grown in another country? Assess your Und. I know the key to reducing air pollution is_____________________________________________________________________________________