Reproduction ASEXUAL VS. SEXUAL

Questions to answer??? 3. How do organisms reproduce? 1. How does DNA reproduce? DNA Replication 2. How do cells reproduce? Mitosis and Meiosis 3. How do organisms reproduce?

asexual Reproduction that involves only one parent (offspring are genetically identical to parent). Occurs in unicellular organisms Examples: 1. Binary Fission: single cell splitting into two cells of equal size that are genetically identical. (prokaryotes – aka bacteria) 2. Mitosis (eukaryotes – aka Ameba)

sexual The production of new offspring by the combining of gamete cells from two separate individuals through fertilization and the formation of a zygote.

Sexual encounters of the floral kind Reproduction in plants: 2 major forms 1. Spores: typically in seedless vascular plants like ferns 2. Seeds: A. Angiosperms (Flowering Plants): vascular plant whose seeds are enclosed in an ovary. B. Gymnosperms (Cones): vascular plant that bears naked seeds. Not enclosed in an ovary.

Reproduction: Alternation of generations The basic life cycle pattern for most plants Sporophyte stage Diploid (2n), asexual, * produces spores Gametophyte stage Haploid(n), sexual, * produces gametes: Antheridium ( sperm - pollen) or Archegonium (egg).

Reproduction with flowers, fruits & seeds pollination- plant fertilization when pollen meets egg. Color of flower attracts insects to fertilize flower beginning of fruit and seed formation fruits and seed are attractive to birds who eat and spread seeds. Is it possible for plants to reproduce year round? What could effect reproduction?

Parts of the flower Stamen: Male part of plant that produces pollen. Anther and filament Pistil (carpel): Female part of plant that produces egg. Stigma Style Ovary: produces the eggs When mature will form fruit to protect the seed and aid in dispersal. * When pollen and egg meet = zygote * The zygote will form an embryo housed inside of a seed. * Only flowering plants produce fruit. Parts of the flower

Animal reproduction Development Gametes: sperm and egg (haploid or n) formed through meiosis) Fertilization: joining of gametes - sperm and egg nuclei to form a zygote. Zygote (diploid or 2n) then undergoes mitosis to form embryo to organism.

So let’s discuss… Compare and Contrast with Your Partner Discuss with your partner and write a small paragraph (3-5 sentences) in your notebook over each of the following… 1. How does DNA, DNA replication, mitosis and meiosis tie into reproduction of organisms? 2. Explain why sexual reproduction allows for more genetic variation in organisms and how this would benefit the adaptiveness and possible evolution of species. 3. Is it possible for asexually reproducing species to share genetic information? (Think about antibiotic resistance) Compare and Contrast with Your Partner Make a T-chart or Venn diagram for each of the following in your notebook: * Mitosis vs Meiosis * Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction * Reproduction in plants vs animals