Darwin's Theory Ch 7 sec 1

GOAL/PURPOSE TO LEARN WHAT FACTORS CAUSE EVOLUTION AND THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE ON PLANET EARTH

Darwin's Observations Who was Charles Darwin? cientists/charlesdarwin/ cientists/charlesdarwin/ KEY- Darwin’s important observations included the – the diversity of organisms the remains of ancient organisms the characteristics of organisms on the Galapagos Islands

Diversity Diversity Diversity- The number and variety of species present in an area and their spatial distribution.numbervarietyspecies presentareaspatialdistribution KEY- Darwin was amazed by the tremendous diversity of the living organisms that he saw. Ex insects that looked like plants and vice versa. stock-footage-leaf-mimic-mantis-on-heliconia- plant-in-the-rainforest-understory.htmlhttp://footage.shutterstock.com/clip stock-footage-leaf-mimic-mantis-on-heliconia- plant-in-the-rainforest-understory.html

Species Species - ARE group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring ve&client=firefox-a&hs=K5v&rls=org.mozilla:en- US:official&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF- 8&prmd=ivns&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=QTJjU NLbDq7ligLC14DgDQ&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQhttp:// ve&client=firefox-a&hs=K5v&rls=org.mozilla:en- US:official&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF- 8&prmd=ivns&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=QTJjU NLbDq7ligLC14DgDQ&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ How many different species do you think have been identified on earth? Key- The National Science Foundation’s “Tree of Life” project estimates that there could be anywhere from 5 million to as many as 100 million species on the planet, but science has only identified about 1.5 million.

FOSSILS- are the preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past `

Fossils cont’d

ADAPTATIONS ADAPTATIONS - ARE A TRAIT THAT HELPS AN ORGANISM SURVIVE AND REPRODUCE IN ITS ENVIRONMENT KEY - DARWIN REASONED THAT PLANTS OR ANIMALS ARRIVED ON THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS FACED ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS THAT WERE DIFFERENT FROM THOSE ON THE MAINLAND.

EVOLUTION KEY - DARWIN HYPOTHESIZED, THAT SPECIES GRADUALLY CHANGED OVER MANY GENERATIONS AND BECAME BETTER ADAPTED TO THE NEW ENVIRONMENT. EVOLUTION - IS THE GRADUAL CHANGE IN A SPECIES OVER TIME

EVOLUTION AS A SCIENTIFIC THEORY SCIENTIFIC THEORY- IS A WELL TESTED CONCEPT THAT EXPLAINS A WIDE RANGE OF OBSERVATIONS- EVOLUTION NATURAL SELECTION- INDIVIDUALS THAT ARE BETTER ADAPTED TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT ARE MORE LIKELY TO SURVIVE AND REPRODUCE THAN OTHER MEMBERS OF THE SAME SPECIES

NATURAL SELECTION havior/naturalselection/ havior/naturalselection/ VARIATIONS- ARE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS OF THE SAME SPECIES OTHERWISE CALLED “GENETIC VARIATIONS”. EX- CERTAIN INSECTS MAY BE ABLE TO EAT FOODS THAT OTHER INSECTS OF THE SAME SPECIES AVOID. THEY HAVE AN ADVANTAGE

COMPETITION AND SELECTION KEY - DARWIN PROPOSED THAT, OVER A LONG TIME, NATURAL SELECTION CAN LEAD TO CHANGE. KEY - HELPFUL VARIATIONS MAY GRADUALLY ACCUMULATE IN A SPECIES, WHILE UNFAVORABLE ONES MAY DISAPPEAR.

Why?

USE THE TEXT BOOK TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS WRITE THE Q AND A 1. WHAT IS AN ADAPTATION? WHAT WERE THE DIFFERENCES IN THE FINCHES BEAKS? 2. WHAT IS SELECTIVE BREEDING? 3. WHAT IS A VARIATION? GIVE AN EXAMPLE. 4. WHAT IS NATURAL SELECTION? GIVE AND EXAMPLE 5. DESCRIBE HOW TURTLES SURVIVE USING COMPETITION AND SELECTION

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