Chapter 8 Molarity Part 1. Solutions Solute The substance that dissolves (the minor component of a solution). KMnO 4.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 8 Molarity Part 1

Solutions Solute The substance that dissolves (the minor component of a solution). KMnO 4

Solutions Solvent The substance that the solute dissolves in (the major component of a solution).

KMnO 4 solution Solution A homogeneous mixture of the solute and solvent.

Solutions Dilute Concentrated

Concentration of a solution Molarity(M) is the moles of solute per liter of solution. Molarity(M) = moles of solute Liters of solution

Common Volume Units = 1000 mL

Units of Molarity 2.0 M HCl = 2.0 moles HCl L solution 6.0 M HCl= 6.0 moles HCl dm 3 solution

a a How to prepare 1.000L of a M solution of Na 2 SO 4.

Molarity Calculate the molarity of an aqueous Ba(NO 3 ) 2 solution containing grams of barium nitrate in L of solution.

Molarity Calculate the molarity of an aqueous Ba(NO 3 ) 2 solution containing grams of barium nitrate in L of solution g Ba(NO 3 ) L

Molarity Calculate the molarity of an aqueous Ba(NO 3 ) 2 solution containing grams of barium nitrate in L of solution g Ba(NO 3 ) L261.3 g mol

Molarity Calculate the molarity of an aqueous Ba(NO 3 ) 2 solution containing grams of barium nitrate in L of solution g Ba(NO 3 ) L261.3 g mol = mol Ba(NO 3 ) 2 /L = M Ba(NO 3 ) 2

Molarity Calculation NaOH is used to open stopped sinks, to treat cellulose in the making of nylon, and to remove potato peels commercially.

If 4.0 g NaOH are used to make mL of NaOH solution, what is the molarity (M) of the solution?

4.0 g NaOH mL

If 4.0 g NaOH are used to make mL of NaOH solution, what is the molarity (M) of the solution? 4.0 g NaOH mL40.0 g mol

If 4.0 g NaOH are used to make mL of NaOH solution, what is the molarity (M) of the solution? 4.0 g NaOH mL40.0 g mol L mL

If 4.0 g NaOH are used to make mL of NaOH solution, what is the molarity (M) of the solution? 4.0 g NaOH mL40.0 g mol L mL = 0.20 mol NaOH/L = 0.20M NaOH

How many grams of Na 2 SO 4 are required to prepare mL of M Na 2 SO 4 solution?

mL

How many grams of Na 2 SO 4 are required to prepare mL of M Na 2 SO 4 solution? mL L mL mL

How many grams of Na 2 SO 4 are required to prepare mL of M Na 2 SO 4 solution? mL L mol Na 2 SO 4 mL L mL L

How many grams of Na 2 SO 4 are required to prepare mL of M Na 2 SO 4 solution? mL L mol Na 2 SO g mL L mol mL L mol

How many grams of Na 2 SO 4 are required to prepare mL of M Na 2 SO 4 solution? mL L mol Na 2 SO g mL L mol mL L mol = g Na 2 SO 4

Information for Mole Quiz How does a mole relate to particles and mass? (ie. One mole of H 2 O is 6.02 x H 2 O molecules and has a mass of 18.0 g). Be able to use the factor-label method to do metric conversions and mole problems. Know how to determine the number of atoms in a molecule. Be able to use this information in factor- label problems. Be able to determine the number of grams/molecule. Identify the diatomic gases.