“ All the rivers run into the sea; yet the sea is not full; unto the place from whence the rivers come, thither they return again. ” Ecclesiastes 1:7

HYDROLOGY  scientific discipline in the field of physical geography that deals with the water cycle.  It is concerned with the origin, distribution, and properties of water on the globe.  one of the interdisciplinary sciences that is the basis for water resources development and water resources management.

THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE PROCESSES Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Infiltration Percolation Transpiration Surface Run-off

DISTRIBUTION OF EARTH’S WATER

NON-OCEAN COMPONENT

THE EARTH’S OCEANS  70.8% of total earth’s surface or 360 million sq. km.  the amount of salt is 34.5% by weight  85 of 90 naturally occurring element is found in seawater  average depth - 12,000 feet  deepest known spot is Marianas Trench (western Pacific Ocean) with a depth of 36,198 feet below sea level  surface temperatures vary from -2 C near the north & south poles & 30 C near the equator.

THE FOUR MAIN OCEAN BASIN  THE PACIFIC OCEAN  THE ATLANTIC OCEAN  THE INDIAN OCEAN  THE ARCTIC OCEAN

THE PACIFIC OCEAN  the world’s largest ocean w/ an area of million square kilometer  covers 46% of the Earth’s water surface  about 1/3 of the Earth’ total surface area  the world’s deepest ocean w/ an average depth of 12,927 feet  subdivided by the equator it into North Pacific Ocean, South Pacific Ocean and Mariana Trench in the Western North Pacific

THE ATLANTIC OCEAN  the second largest ocean of the world with an area of million square kilometer  covers 20% of the Earth’s surface  about 26% of the Earth’s total surface area  subdivided by the equator into the North Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean.

THE INDIAN OCEAN  the third largest ocean in the world  nearly 10,000 km. wide at the southern tips of Africa and Australia  has an area of 73,556,000 square kilometer including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf  estimated volume 292,131,000 cubic kilometers  bordered by the Archipelago of Indonesia on the east  largely a Southern Hemisphere water body

THE ARTIC OCEAN  the smallest and the shallowest of the world’s major oceanic divisions.  about 7% of the size of the Pacific Ocean  partly covered by sea ice throughout the year  temperature vary seasonally as the ice cover melts and freezes  its salinity is the lowest on average of the major oceans due to low evaporation, heavy freshwater inflow from rivers and streams and limited connection and outflow to surrounding oceanic waters with higher salinities

Instruction: Match Column A with Column B. Column A Column B 1. Evaporationa. water soaks into the ground 2. Infiltrationb. surplus water that flows to the 3. Condensation surface to the lakes & streams 4. Run-offc. liquid water changes to gas 5. Transpirationd. water vapor changes to liquid 6. Precipitatione. water absorbed by plants and and released to the atmosphere f. water from the atmosphere falls to the ground. g. movement of water through the soil

Instruction: Select the correct answer among the choices given. A. Pacific OceanB. Indian Ocean C. Atlantic OceanD. Arctic Ocean 1. One of the worlds four major oceans that is partly covered by sea ice through-out the year. 2. The second largest ocean with an area of sq. km. 3. The ocean that covers 1/3 of the Earth’s total surface area. 4. The ocean that is bordered by The Archipelago of Indonesia on the east.