Plants, photosynthesis and respiration Name _____________________

Things needed for photosynthesis SUNLIGHT Gives the plant _________ The green chemical that _______ the light is called chlorophyll _______ ________ gas comes from the air. _________ travels up from the roots Words: water, traps, energy, carbon dioxide

Things made by photosynthesis Plants make the carbohydrate called ______________. This is important as a food for animals. _________ gas goes into the air. This is important because animals need it for breathing. Words: oxygen, glucose

Photosynthesis equations Sunlight Carbon dioxide + _____ glucose + _____ 6CO2 + 6H20 C6H12O6 + 6O2 Chlorophyll Sunlight Chlorophyll Plants store the GLUCOSE produced by photosynthesis by joining it together in a ____________ reaction to make ____________ Words –starch, water, oxygen, polymerisation

Respiration Respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis. It is a reaction that makes _______ for living things by reacting glucose and oxygen. ________ comes from the food and _________ comes from the air. _________ __________ gas and ________ are breathed back out. Words: carbon dioxide, energy, water, oxygen, glucose

Gas Exchange The amounts of gases we breathe in and breathe out are not the same. Air breathed in Air breathed out 0.03% 3% 21% 18% 79% 79%

Photosynthesis and Respiration Glucose + oxygen water + carbon dioxide Photosynthesis Water + carbon dioxide glucose + oxygen

Global warming It is important that the processes of photosynthesis and respiration are balanced to make sure the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air stay the _____. Too much carbon dioxide can cause _______ ________. The amount of carbon dioxide in the air is getting higher because of two main reasons. More trees are being _______ down so they do not absorb so much carbon dioxide. We are burning more _______ ________ like petrol and this makes carbon dioxide. Words: fossil fuels, cut, same, global warming

Using plants for food Fruits and seeds Roots Leaves Stems

Helping plants to grow Farmers can use a number of chemicals to help plants to grow: 1) ____________ Provide nutrients The elements plants need are __________, ___________ and __________ NPK 3) _____________ Kill pests like greenfly 2) ____________ Kill weeds 4) _____________ Kill bacteria and prevents plant diseases. Words: herbicides, potassium, pesticides, nitrogen, fungicides, fertilisers, phosphorus

disadvantages of pesticides Pesticides are toxic chemicals so care needs to be taken when they are being used. They can also get into our food by being washed into rivers and streams and moving into the food chain. Small plants Kingfisher Marine insects Fish Although the level of insecticides in the plants is small, it will build up through the food chain due to the number of organisms in each stage.

Food types Uses Found in Type ____________ Water _____________ Uses Found in Type Bread, potatoes, cereal Energy Cream, butter, milk, oil Storing concentrated energy Meat, fish, eggs growing and repairing cells Fruit and vegetables Keep use healthy Milk and cereals Strong teeth and bones Fruit + veg, + cereals Keeps the gut moving Water! 70% of the body is water Words: fats, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fibre

Testing for starch starch iodine iodine Iodine goes _________ Starch makes iodine go __________________ starch Iodine goes _________ iodine iodine

Testing for sugars sugar Heat up in warm water Sugars makes warm benedict’s solution change from_________ to _______. The only sugar that doesn’t do this is _________. sugar Benedict’s solution Benedict’s solution goes ________ Heat up in warm water

The digestive system The whole point of digestion is to break up our food into small enough molecules that can get into our ________. The main foods affected are starch – this is broken up into _________ proteins - these are broken up into _______ ________ Words: amino acids, glucose, blood,

Enzymes Words: catalysts, proteins, starch, smaller Enzymes are special _________ that are found in living things. They help break the food into ________ pieces which can then pass into the blood. There are various types of enzymes. Amylase breaks _________ up into glucose: Protease breaks _______ into amino acids: Lipase breaks fats into fatty acids and glycerol: Words: catalysts, proteins, starch, smaller