Atmosphere Quarter 3 2014 - 2015

Unit Topics of Study Properties of Gases and the Air we Breathe Gas Laws and the Air we Breathe Weather Air Pollution

Properties of Gases and the Air we Breathe Main Ideas (in no order): Atmospheric Pressure Volume Temperature Kinetic Molecular Theory Composition of Air

Comparing State of Gas to other known States of Matter What observations can you make?

Properties of Gases Gases have mass – find mass of empty balloon and filled balloon It is easy to compress gases – squeezed gas reduces its volume; car air bags Gases fill their containers completely – Different gases can move through each other quite rapidly – diffusion (body spray, body gas, etc) Gases exert pressure – ear drums “popping”, filled balloon The pressure of a gas depends on its temperature - ↑ temp = ↑ pressure; ↓ temp = ↓ pressure

Gases in the Atmosphere What gases are in the atmosphere? How do the gases behave when there are changes in temperature? Volume? Pressure? How does radiation from sun affect those gases?

exosphere—contains few particles that move into and from space. thermosphere—temperature increases with height. The temperatures can rise to 1,500 degrees Celsius, but it would not feel warm because of the low air pressure in this layer. The International Space Station orbits Earth in this layer. mesopause—boundary between mesosphere and thermosphere; coldest place on Earth. mesosphere—the layer in which most meteors burn up after entering Earth’s atmosphere and before reaching Earth’s surface. stratosphere—contains the ozone layer; the layer where volcanic gases can affect the climate troposphere—layer closest to Earth’s surface; all weather occurs

What gases are in the atmosphere?

Carbon Dioxide

“The Pressure’s On” Classtime read assignment brain storm & jot down points you want to include (Pre-Writing Activity) mind map those points write essay Studyhall/home complete essay check for spelling/grammar

“Exploring Properties of Gases” Lab Activity Lab Activity Procedures for Each Station: Reread the procedure Review your prediction Perform the experiment Record your observations Restore the station to its original condition When all stations completed, answer the questions

Lab Activity Review 1. Which experiments are useful in demonstrating that air is matter? Explain. Which experiments are useful in demonstrating that air exerts pressure? Explain. Explain any differences between your predictions and the actual outcomes of the experiments.

Review cont. For any two of the stations at which you performed experiments, a. Describe your observations in detail b. Explain the role of air in the experiment c. Draw particle models showing the interactions between the gas particles in air and the other particles of matter in the experiment

Review cont. Describe an additional activity or experience you have had that demonstrates that a. Air is matter b. Air exerts pressure Home activity (or café): put one end of a straw in a glass of water. Hold another straw outside the glass. Place the ends of both straws in your mouth and try to drink the water through the straw in the glass. Describe what happens Based on your observations, what makes it possible to drink liquid through a straw?

The Nature of Gases Book pg 419 bolded