Nations, States and Autonomy
Nation vs. State Nation State
A modern state (L. Mair) Territoriality Centralization of decision making Differentiation of functions Sovereignty
A modern state (T. Parsons) Judiciary across lineages Codified, written-down laws Standing military Differentiation of a distinct class of priests Breakdown of the fusion of religion and society Differentiation of technical skills
A modern state (M. Weber) End of patrimonialism Officials paid by the center Non-particularistic bureaucracy
Where state and nation do not meet… Stateless nations Multi-national states Multi-state nations Can you name some examples?
The African Map
Constructing the Nation Language Print-Capitalism War Genocide
Benedict Anderson’s Imagined Communities (1983) National identity replacing religious communities and dynastic realms Three conceptions lost their grip: Driven by vernacular print-capitalism seeking a larger market
National Homogeneity
The Rise of the State Leviathan (Hobbes) Natural Rights (Locke) Social Contract (Rousseau via Tilly) Stationary Bandit (Olson) Transaction Costs (North) Division of labor (Durkheim) Class Conflict (Marx)
The State in Context (1)
The State in Context (2)
Historical Challenges Lipset and Rokkan identify four conflict-creating challenges to state formation in European history: State building The Reformation Industrial Revolution Democracy
Recurrent Challenges Succession of Leadership Ethnic & Regional Conflict
Creating political obligation Results Habit or Tradition Personality or Charisma Identity Procedures Socialization Agenda and Framing Political Recruitment
The 30 Years War About Religion or about Stateness? Peace of Augsburg (1555) 1618 Deposition Costs and External Powers
30 yrs war map
The Peace of Westphalia (1648)
The Peace Terms Political Consequences A Nation-State System
Blank
Social Contract