9.00 Introduction to Psychology

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Presentation transcript:

9.00 Introduction to Psychology What do you see? … When you see it, KEEP IT TO YOURSELF! Talia Konkle 1 Mar 07

Pop Quiz

The Plan for today : Review: Vision :15 :35 Discussion: DEMOS! :50 Logistics: Turn in Papers Peer Editing Guidelines Timekeeper?

Visual Themes our sense of the world is “constructed” from the input processing of the world is highly dependent on our visual experience

Basic Visual Pathway World Retina LGN V1 “What” “Where” W. W. Norton 05-04 Basic Visual Pathway World Retina LGN V1 “What” “Where” W. W. Norton

Retina light rods and cones bipolar cells ganglion cells parvo magno (optic nerve) blindspot magno

Basic Visual Pathway World Retina LGN V1 “What” “Where” W. W. Norton 05-04 Basic Visual Pathway World Retina LGN V1 “What” “Where” W. W. Norton

Basic Visual Pathway World Retina LGN V1 “What” “Where” W. W. Norton 05-04 Basic Visual Pathway World Retina LGN V1 “What” “Where” W. W. Norton

“What vs Where” Where V1 What

Receptive Field neuron in V1 visual field Retinotopy

AGNOSIAS Associative Apperceptive

other questions about the lectures?

Now show me what it all does! That’s good and all… Now show me what it all does!

Color opponency, receptor adaptation

Color opponency, receptor adaptation

The visual system adjusts itself. In time. In space. Why does it adjust? sensitivity and gain? neural fatigue? adjustment of priors? (effects in the opposite direction) Error correction?

Simultaneous [blur] contrast (adjustment in space)

Face adaptation (adjustment in time) split class in half for demo…

Face adaptation (adjustment in time)

Face adaptation (adjustment in time)

Sensitivity to Changes Automatic Role of context

Cornsweet illusion: changes in luminance http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/lum_cobc/icon.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/lum_cobc/index.html&h=64&w=64&sz=4&hl=en&start=19&tbnid=nKhz5dMwBFw7IM:&tbnh=64&tbnw=64&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcornsweet%2Billusion%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DN

Sensitivity to context

Kaniza triangle

phi

phi

bistable phi

bistable phi

Expectations and beliefs influence visual processing

A stimulus in context 2 A B C 4

Only reasonable 3D interpretations come to mind….

Bio motion (Gestalt, or expectations?) http://www.biomotionlab.ca/Demos/BMLwalker.html

Change blindness

What does this say about our perception and memory of the world?

Get Ready… I’m going to show you a picture and I want you to remember it! (you’ll have 3 seconds)

+

Which One Did You See? A B C D

Which One Did You See? correct answer A B C D too close too far

Boundary Effect Background Boundary extension is the tendency to remember close up scenes as if they extend beyond the boundaries of the scene presented This is classically interpretated as a mechanism which will help integrate the visual scene over sucessive views (fixations, head turns, etc). Intraub and Richardson (1989) Intraub and Bodamer (1993) Intraub (2002) Bertamini (2005)

tenuous perception and representation of our world?

Attention

Search for the red vertical Visual Search Search for the red vertical

Search for the red vertical Pretty easy. Search for the red vertical again

Harder? Guiding attention by color… pretty easy Guiding attention by color AND orientation, more difficult one more time, find the red vertical

How do we explain this? feature maps

Multiple object tracking Spotlight metaphor of attention. Can you split it? demos

Is the minds eye different than the real eye? A little on mental imagery

Insights from the Clinical Neuropsychology Hemispatial neglect extends to mental imagery Bisiach and Luzzati (1978)

Removal of Primary Visual Cortex leads to… Reduced visual angle of mental imagery workspace (Farah 2000)

Imagery and Skill Learning Feltz and Landers, 1983 Meta-analysis of imagery studies in performance benefit Generally accepted that visualization helps performance, (but not as much as actual practice) though… Putting Imagery: (Tayler and Shaw, 2002) golfers imagine made or missed puts missed-putt imagers did worse than no imagery at all! Since then there’s been a hunt for the underlying neural mechanisms …

a little on visual substitution systems can we use our other modalities to see?

tvss avss

Logistica swap papers (write email address on it!) 2. handout peer edit guideliens DUE BY EMAIL MONDAY 10pm

Extra slides

CSF

Change blindness.

Change blindness.

Change blindness.