1 Foundations of American Education, Fifth Edition L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

2 Chapter 1 Status of the Profession PowerPoint Presentation L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

3 Status of the Profession The Teacher and Teaching: Definitions –descriptive definition –teaching as successful activity –teaching as intentional activity –teaching as normative behavior –scientific or technical definition –teaching as an art L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

4 Profile of the Teaching Profession L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

5 Why Become a Teacher? caring for and desiring to work with young people desiring to make a contribution to society finding interest in a certain field and desiring to share it with others L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

6 Satisfactions and Dissatisfactions With Teaching Teacher satisfaction correlates with teacher effectiveness. Effectiveness correlates with student achievement (U.S. Department of Education, 1997). L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

7 Intrinsic Satisfactions the joy of working with children making a difference in life of a student a sense of accomplishment autonomy an association with a subject field security, camaraderie, and cooperation a noncompetitive field L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

8 Extrinsic Satisfaction & Dissatisfaction Factors salary level of support from parents and administrators availability of resources class size degree of student misbehavior school safety L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

9 Teacher Preparation INTASC Standards L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

10 Baccalaureate Teacher Education Programs Teacher Education Areas general studies content studies in a major or minor professional studies field experiences and clinical practice L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

11 Alternative Teacher Preparation Programs Typical Requirements rigorous selection process pre-service training in methodology, classroom management, and human development a structured, supervised internship and guidance by a mentor teacher L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

12 Minority Representation in the Teaching Force Negative Effects of Underrepresentation lack of professional role models for children lack of cultural framework to make instruction more culturally relevant and effective L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

13 Strategies for Increasing Diversity Remove obstacles by: –increasing scholarship, loan, and loan forgiveness programs –increasing support services and retention efforts –ensuring that testing and evaluation programs for entry to the profession minimize the influences of race and ethnicity L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

14 Strategies for Increasing Diversity (continued) increase the number of minorities in teaching identify and encourage interested minority students before their senior year in high school by: - future educator clubs - teacher cadet programs - college preparatory programs - “Grow Your Own” programs for paraprofessionals L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

15 Teacher Certification assessment for initial certification and licensure emergency certification recertification interstate certification national certification: The NBPTS L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

16 Requirements for Certification achieving a college degree earning a minimum number of credit hours in designated curricular areas having the recommendation of the college or an employer completing student teaching having a good moral character being a minimum age U.S. citizenship taking a loyalty oath passing a state-prescribed exam L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

17 Salary and Other Compensation L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

18 Performance-based Pay Plans Types of pay plans: individual teacher-based school-based L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

19 Competency-based Pay Plans Types of pay plans skills-based pay knowledge- and skills-based pay L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

20 Compensation for Supplemental Activities Supplemental Activities – coaching – student activity sponsorship – teaching an extra class – teaching an evening class L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

21 Indirect Compensation: Employee Benefits and Services Benefits Required by Law –Social Security –Unemployment Compensation –Workers’ Compensation Voluntary School District Benefits –life, health, and hospitalization insurance –long-term disability insurance L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

22 Indirect Compensation: Employee Benefits and Services (continued) Retirement Benefits Pay for Time Not Worked –sick leave, personal leave, sabbatical leave, family and bereavement leave, civic and jury duty leave, professional leave, and military leave Employee Services –wellness programs, child care, and subsidized food services L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

23 Rating the Schools and Teaching L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan. Foundations of American Education, 5e. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.