Body Organization and Structure
Objectives Identify the major tissues found in the body Compare an organ with an organ system Describe a major function of each organ system.
How does a person stay alive even though the environment around him or her is so cold? The answer: Your body did not allow its internal conditions to change enough to stop the cells from working properly. The maintenance of a stable internal environment is called homeostasis
Homeostasis is not an easy task. Your body must perform many different “jobs” to maintain homeostasis Cells are organized into different “teams” to perform these jobs. Each cell in your body has a specific job in maintaining homeostasis.
A group of similar cells working together forms a tissue. Your body contains four main types of tissue Epithelial tissue Connective tissue Muscle tissue Nervous tissue
Epithelial tissue Covers and protects underlying issue. When you look at the surface of your skin, you see epithelial tissue. The cells stick tightly and form a continuous sheet.
Nervous tissue Sends electrical signals through the body It is found in the brain, nerves, and sense organs
Is made of cells that can contract and relax to produce movement. Muscle tissue Is made of cells that can contract and relax to produce movement.
Joins, supports, protects, insulates, nourishes, and cushions organs. Connective tissue Joins, supports, protects, insulates, nourishes, and cushions organs. It also keeps organs from falling apart
Tissues Form Organs Two or more tissues working together from an organ. One type of tissue alone cannot do all the things that several types working together can do.
The stomach is an organ The four types of tissue work together so that the stomach can carry out digestion Nervous tissue in the stomach partly controls the production of acids that aid in the digestion of food. Nervous tissue signals when the stomach is full. Epithelial tissue lines the stomach. Layers of muscle tissue break up stomach contents Blood and a connective tissue called collagen are found in the wall of the stomach.
Organs Form Systems Your stomach does much to help you digest your food, but it doesn’t do it all. It works together with other organs, such as the small intestine and large intestine, to digest your food.
11 Organ Systems Integumentary system Muscular system Skeletal system Skin, hair, and nails protect underlying tissue Muscular system Skeletal muscles move your bones Skeletal system Bones provide a frame to support and protect body parts Cardiovascular system Heart pumps blood through all your blood vessels
Reproductive system (male) Reproductive system (female) Respiratory system Lungs absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide Urinary system Removes wastes from the blood and regulates the body’s fluids Reproductive system (male) Produces and delivers sperm Reproductive system (female) Produces eggs and nourishes and shelters the unborn baby
Nervous system Lymphatic system Digestive system Endocrine system Receives and sends electrical messages throughout the body Lymphatic system Returns leaked fluids to blood vessels. It also helps you get rid of germs that can ham you Digestive system Breaks down the food you eat into nutrients that can be absorbed into your body. Endocrine system Glands regulate body functions by sending out chemical messengers. The ovaries, in females, and testes, in males, are part of this system
Make a chart that lists the major organ systems and their functions. Things To Do Make a chart that lists the major organ systems and their functions.