Pilgrims England → Holland → America to escape Anglican church corruption 1620: sailed from Plymouth England for Virginia with 102 passengers on the Mayflower Blew off course to Plymouth Massachusetts Nov Mayflower Compact Plymouth Colony: 1 st permanent New England settlement
Plymouth Colony Religious dissenters Isolation from Church of England ½ died in first year Formed treaties with aboriginal groups 1 st Thanksgiving 1621 (the picture is WRONG) By 1640s had 3000 people
Puritans 1628 small group settled in Salem Mass. Not separated from Church of England – reform from within Company formed in 1629 by John Winthrop ships arrived with 1000 craftsmen and supplies Great Migration with no starving time
John Winthrop Governor Mass. Bay Co. Founder of Boston Sermon: Model of Christian Charity “City on a Hill” ideology Moral society with strict church control along with family focus and strong work ethic Reformation of the corrupt world
Colonies by 1650
Roger Williams – Providence, Rhode Island Salem minister who didn’t want to punish religious heresy so left the Puritans Bought land from Narragansett Indians 1636 instead of taking it Formation of Rhode Island based on religious tolerance and separation of church and state in 1644 Settled by Quakers, Jews, Baptists and others
Anne Hutchison Arrived in Boston in 1631 as a midwife Disagreed with Puritan view of importance of outward actions Spread dissent among women 1636 brought to court for heresy She was banished and fled with family and supporters to Rhode Island 1642 moved to New Netherland but was killed by Indians
Further New Colonies…
Dutch Territory & Pequot War New Netherland Dutch-Pequot treaty for trade Narragansetts (Dutch trading partners) killed in Pequot territory so Dutch killed Pequot leader, Tatobem Pequots may have responded by killing Captain John Stone (a merchant pirate) involving Britain
Pequot War October & Nov Pequots negotiated for peace with Mass. Bay – treaty signed giving up Connecticut but not ratified July-Aug body of John Oldham found near Block Island and Pequots blamed Mass Bay sends 90 men under John Endicott to Block Island to kill all Native men and seize all women and children Fall Pequots attacked English settlements May-July 1637 Connecticut sent 90 men under John Mason attacking Pequot fort, killing 700 Sept Treaty of Hartford concluded – Pequots no longer exist as a people