Early Medieval Art Book of Kells St. Gall Godescalc Evangelistary Utrecht Psalter Magdeburg Ivories
Chi Rho Iota page Book of Matthew, chapter one, verse eighteen from The Book of Kells late 8 th or early 9 th century oxgall inks and pigments on vellum
Illuminated tugra of Sultan Suleyman, from Istanbul, Turkey c ink, paint, and gold on paper
Who are the four evangelists? Matthew – symbol: winged man or angel Mark – symbol: winged lion Luke – symbol: winged ox or bull John – symbol: eagle According to tradition these four men wrote the four Gospel accounts in the New Testament. However, Elaine Pagels (a professor at Princeton University) makes a case for other Gnostic Gospels by Thomas and Judas as well as others; these gospels were not included in the orthodox text of the new testament. Elaine Pagels : The Gnostic Gospels Reading Judas: The Gospel of Judas and the Shaping of Christianity Beyond Belief: The Secret Gospel of St. Thomas
Page with Mark the Evangelist Book of Mark, Godescalc Evangelistary ink, gold, colors on vellum
Page with Christ in Majesty Book of Mark, Godescalc Evangelistary ink, gold, colors on vellum
Hitda Codex The Annunciation c Illumination Hessische Landesbibliothek, Darmstadt What is the annunciation? When the Archangel Gabriel announces to Mary that she will conceive God’s child; according to apocrypha, at the very moment the archangel Gabriel makes this pronouncement, Mary becomes pregnant. Christ appears in her womb!
York Psalter Expulsion from Paradise c Illumination on parchment, 290 x 185 mm University Library, Glasgow Gen 3:19Gen 3:19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou [art], and unto dust shalt thou return. Gen 3:24Gen 3:24 So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.
Utrecht Psalter ca. 850
detail from Utrecht Psalter ca. 850
Christ Washing the Feet of His Disciples Aachen Gospels of Otto III c. 1000
The Garden of Gethsemane The Kiss of Judas Aachen Gospels of Otto III c. 1000
Fécamp Psalter c Illumination on parchment, 170 x 110 mm Royal Library, The Hague
Feeding the Pigs with Acorns c Illumination on parchment Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag
Falconry c Illumination on parchment Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag
The Martyrdom of St Lawrence 1190s Illumination on parchment Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag St. Lawrence was martyred during Emperor Valerian’s persecutions of Christians in A.D He refused to turn over the church’s treasure to the prefect and instead gave it to the poor; he was arrested and tortured on a burning gridiron.