“OH NO” Headlines: The Top 10 ways drivers can keep us all off the front page Presented to 65 th FAPT, June 26, 2013 Charlotte Harbor Event and Convention Center, Punta Gorda By: Charlie Hood

Disclaimer  percent of Florida’s 18,000 school bus drivers do a fabulous job each and every day of making us all look good.  According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, students are about 50 times more likely to arrive at school alive if they take the bus than if they drive themselves or ride with friends.  They are about 20 times more likely to arrive to school alive if they take the bus than if a parent drives them.

Then What’s the Point?  Parents and the public often have a negative perception of schools and government  We live in an era of widespread, instant communication--Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, CNN…  Any “incident” is likely to be caught on video  Students rarely hurt, but consequences may include:  Potential litigation  Costly disruption and disorder  Someone losing his or her job

So What Can Go Wrong?, or, the.0001% Who Make the News  Some embarrassing videos that could happen to any of us…

Not Wearing a Seat Belt (or wearing it improperly) April 19, 2011, Pennsylvania Indiana Driver Crashes Into Home June, 2012, on YouTube…

November 11, 2004  Diana Kautz, 15 year old high school girl killed  Bus driver ran a stop sign  Bus was hit by pickup truck and rolled  Victim was ejected from the bus and killed  Driver may also have been ejected and was seriously injured  Driver was not wearing her belt  Students were not wearing belts

Proper Use of Operator and Transported Students Seatbelts =Responsibility School buses; safety belts or other restraint systems required.— (1)(a) Each school bus that is purchased new after December 31, 2000, and used to transport students in grades pre-K through 12 must be equipped with safety belts or with any other restraint system approved by the Federal Government in a number sufficient to allow each student who is being transported to use a separate safety belt or restraint system. Operators are required to wear their seatbelt in accordance with manufacturer instructions. (Not tucked behind the shoulder or not in use at all) , F.S.; Rule 6A , FAC; Rule 6A

FDOE issued flyer in 2005 reminding drivers to wear belts properly Also reminds drivers that students must wear belts FAPT and FDOE developed specifications for more visible driver belts to aid monitoring and enforcement

Custody and Control of Students

No Child Left Behind? What was he thinking?

Improper Mirror Adjustment  Drivers sometimes adjust front corner-mounted cross- view mirrors too far back so that they can:  Use them to see traffic on the sides of buses  Avoid reflection from the bus headlights  Use them to see student loading lights flashing during pre-trip inspection  Prevents seeing proper field of view in front of bus in area where the driver would not have direct view of a small child (negates FMVSS 111 compliance)

Proper Mirror Adjustment Mirror Grids For Use

Following Too Closely

Not following reduced idling rules

Distracted Driving  Using cell phone while actively driving the bus  Resulted in death of 8 year old student, Victor Dixon, back in 1999  Texting (obviously) is as or more dangerous than DUI  Secretary of USDOT, Ray LaHood, has been on a campaign to change state laws and public behavior  Unfortunately, not illegal in all states, and no federal prohibition for school bus drivers due to lack of authority  Don’t forget other sources of distractions, such as drinking, attending to students, or other actions that take driver’s eyes off the road.

Unauthorized Persons Boarding Bus  What are the potential dangers of unauthorized people boarding the bus?  Does your district have a policy against parents boarding buses?  Can they be arrested?  Make sure your school district policy and/or state law prohibit trespassing on school buses  Use the Midland City tragedy as an example in your training (video available)…

Evacuation Drills and Instruction  Scheduled drills for regularly transported students  Pre-trip drills before each field and activity trip  Several success stories of students evacuated before buses destroyed by fire (Iowa, North Carolina)

Student Loading and Unloading  Does your district train all drivers on the required standard procedure for the entire student stop sequence (from approaching to leaving the stop)?  Is the training documented thoroughly?  Have students received documented training?  Are drivers monitored to ensure they are following procedures (stopping only at approved stops; employing the required student loading/unloading procedure)?  Do your procedures support and encourage bus drivers to report student loading/unloading hazards?

Unloading Passengers on the Highway or Street  Instruct students about the following safety procedures:  Move well away from side of bus after leaving.  Do not get mail from roadside box until bus has left.  Students who cross the road should be instructed in the following additional safety procedures:  take at least 12 steps in front of the bus before starting across the roadway (so operator can see student's feet);  wait for proper signal from operator before crossing;  stop at traffic side of bus and look left, right, and left again; cross only if approaching traffic has stopped;  walk across roadway; and  do not stop or return if an item is dropped. The bus operator will take responsibility for retrieving object if possible (check local policy).  Unloading procedure:  Check right and left mirrors and look ahead to be sure all traffic has stopped.  Tell students when it is safe to stand up and proceed toward the door.  Open door and count children as they exit the bus.  Make sure students move at least 12 feet away from the side of the bus and remain in your view.  When safe, signal to any students who must cross the road by pointing to them (two fingers extended, thumb down) and then pointing to where they should go. Avoid sweeping motion that may confuse motorists.  In case of danger, use horn or PA system to signal students to clear roadway.  Count students again and ensure all are a safe distance from the bus.  Close door and check all mirrors carefully, especially right-hand mirrors (for students who do not cross the road) to ensure they are away from the bus.  Deactivate warning lights. Proceed when safe and all children are accounted for and safely away from the bus.

VIII-9 Safe Stopping Procedure To perform a safe stop, school bus operators must: Instruct students in safe loading procedures (see your supervisor for guidance). Activate amber warning lights 200 feet before stopping. Stop a safe distance (at least 12 feet) from any students outside the bus. When stopped, deactivate amber lights and activate red warning lights, stop arms, and bumper cross arm. Look for pedestrians, traffic, and other hazards before, during, and after coming to a stop and make sure all traffic has stopped. Engage parking brake and place transmission in neutral position.

VIII-10 Loading Passengers on the Highway or Street Raise hand toward students outside the bus (open palm) to indicate "stop." Make eye contact and count students. Check mirrors and look for moving traffic and hazards. When safe, open door and signal students to board. When safe, signal students who must cross road by pointing to them (two fingers extended, thumb down) and then pointing to where you want them to go. Avoid sweeping motion that may confuse motorists. In case of danger, use horn or public address (PA) system to signal students to clear roadway. When all students are on bus, close door, count students, and ensure they are seated. Deactivate warning lights and check all mirrors. Check traffic and proceed on route when safe.

VIII-11 Orderly Loading Have students: –arrive on time, –wait in “single file” or in an orderly group, –stand back until bus is stopped, –help young passengers get on first, –use hand rails when entering bus, and –move directly to their seats. Operator should: –close door and check that students are seated, –look for stragglers, and –beware of dropped items.

VIII-12 Unloading Passengers on the Highway or Street Instruct students about the following safety procedures: –Move well away from side of bus after leaving. –Do not get mail from roadside box until bus has left. Students who cross the road should be instructed in the following additional safety procedures: –take at least 12 steps in front of the bus before starting across the roadway (so operator can see student's feet); –wait for proper signal from operator before crossing; –stop at traffic side of bus and look left, right, and left again; cross only if approaching traffic has stopped; –walk across roadway; and –do not stop or return if an item is dropped. The bus operator will take responsibility for retrieving object if possible (check local policy). Unloading procedure: –Check right and left mirrors and look ahead to be sure all traffic has stopped. –Tell students when it is safe to stand up and proceed toward the door. –Open door and count children as they exit the bus. –Make sure students move at least 12 feet away from the side of the bus and remain in your view. –When safe, signal to any students who must cross the road by pointing to them (two fingers extended, thumb down) and then pointing to where they should go. Avoid sweeping motion that may confuse motorists. –In case of danger, use horn or PA system to signal students to clear roadway. –Count students again and ensure all are a safe distance from the bus. –Close door and check all mirrors carefully, especially right-hand mirrors (for students who do not cross the road) to ensure they are away from the bus. –Deactivate warning lights. Proceed when safe and all children are accounted for and safely away from the bus.

The Good News  Most incidents are preventable through:  High standards for driver qualifications  Thorough training of all parties involved  Teamwork and policies  Consistent system of monitoring and intervention  Drivers have to know the rules and understand there will be a fair and consistently applied system for enforcing the rules  Most important factor (IMHO) is “Management Priority”

Additional Training for Tenured Operators School bus operators that have been driving between five and ten years may have an increased potential for crashes Is it time to require these individuals go through additional training classes or remedial training? What will it take to wake them up to be more responsible for their actions? What does your district’s safe driver plan say about this-is it enough?

Questions???