Agriculture in the Area Mike Roegge University of Illinois Extension Adams/Brown Unit

Economic impact Economic impact Technology Technology Biotechnology Biotechnology Ag trends Ag trends Farm facts Farm facts Major issues today Major issues today

Ag Statistics 2007 # Farms Full time Part time Value of land/ bldgs per farm Adams M Brown M Hancock M Pike M

Crop Acres 2009 (thousand) CornSoybeanWheat Adams Brown Hancock Pike17492-

2009 Sales Adams Brown Hancock Pike Crop ValuesLivestock soldTotal (Million dollars)

Livestock 2008 Cash receipts # cows #hogs Adams47.6M 14, ,100 Brown8.5M-19,900 Hancock 50.9M 8 12, ,200 5 Pike38.3M 11, ,100 7

Budget for Corn 2011 Revenue 197 bu $4.80$946 government payment 24 $970 Expenses Fertilizer, pesticides, seed, drying, storage, insurance 328 Machine hire, repair and dep., utilities, fuel/oil, vehicle 91 Labor, bldg repair and dep., insurance, misc, interest Budget, FarmDoc

Technology on the farm

GPS- Global Positioning Systems Guidance, auto-steer Guidance, auto-steer Swath control Swath control Yield maps Yield maps Variable rate fertilizer spreading Variable rate fertilizer spreading Aerial applications Aerial applications Scouting Scouting

Guidance Lightbars Lightbars Visual indicators Visual indicators Autosteer Autosteer Raven Industries, Inc. EZ Guide 500, Trimble

Auto Steer Steering wheel mount Steering wheel mount Steering column mount Steering column mount Integrated hydraulic system Integrated hydraulic system EZ Steer, Trimble

Differential GPS (DGPS) GPS≥ 10 ft GPS≥ 10 ft WAAS Correction6”-20” WAAS Correction6”-20” Satellite Correction< 6 in Satellite Correction< 6 in RTK < 1 in RTK < 1 in

Sprayer Swath Control By Sections of the boom By Sections of the boom Individual Nozzles - Pulse width modulation Individual Nozzles - Pulse width modulation

Planter controls Section control Section control –Multiple row Individual row control Individual row control

Why Increased Use?? Increased efficiencies w/ large equipment equal cost savings Increased efficiencies w/ large equipment equal cost savings 120 acre field 120 acre field –Sprayer-60’ boom, 2.5’ average overlap, waterway, seed and herbicide cost $120/acre –Swath efficiency $220 –Auto shutoff $119 –Total $339

GMO’s What are they? What are they? Why do farmers use them? Why do farmers use them? How do they work? How do they work? Are they used? How common? Are they used? How common?

Genetically Modified Soybean First available in soybean in 1996 First available in soybean in 1996 Adoption of technology rapid Adoption of technology rapid Traits available initially for producer- Traits available initially for producer- –Roundup ready and Ignite (weed control Newer traits for consumers Newer traits for consumers –Low linolenic- reduce trans fats –Low sat fat, mid oelic, - low sat and trans and better stability –Omega 3 –High oleic- reduce trans fats, improve stability in cooking

GMO Corn Introduced for European Corn Borer control in 1996 Introduced for European Corn Borer control in 1996 Several proteins used for insect control Several proteins used for insect control Insect control Insect control –European Corn Borer and other leps –Corn Rootworm Weed control Weed control –Roundup –Ignite

GMO’s Account for 90% of soybean acres in IL in 2009 Account for 90% of soybean acres in IL in 2009 Account for 82% of corn acres in IL in 2010 Account for 82% of corn acres in IL in 2010 Region- less corn acres planted to GMO Region- less corn acres planted to GMO

GMO’s What are they? What are they? Why do farmers use them? Why do farmers use them? How do they work? How do they work? Are they used? How common? Are they used? How common?

Issues Today Cost of farming Cost of farming –Cash rents –Land prices –Input prices –Crop prices Demand (determines prices received) Demand (determines prices received) –Export –Domestic –Livestock

Trends Farm size larger Farm size larger Less diversification Less diversification Fewer people to work more acres Fewer people to work more acres Capital expenditures huge Capital expenditures huge Ability to retain farm land questioned Ability to retain farm land questioned

Agricultural Jobs Production Production –Growers, managers, hort, livestock, grain Marketing/Sales Marketing/Sales –Seed, chemical, fertilizer, livestock, tile, machinery, grain Scientist/engineering Scientist/engineering –Precision ag, research (plant/animal), genomics, environmental Management/business Management/business –Consultant, banker, real estate,broker, economist Education/Communication Education/Communication –Educator, media, public health, USDA