Planting the seeds for Jazz, Blues, and Gospel Slavery.

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Presentation transcript:

Planting the seeds for Jazz, Blues, and Gospel Slavery

Colonialism and the Slave Trade

Darkest Period in Western History

Ladysmith Black Mambazo

Cotton  Slaves brought to the American South to pick cotton and tobacco By 1865, 30 million slaves worked in the region

The United States became the richest nation in the world.  On the backs of their slaves

Further Reading…

How did Slavery end in the U.S.?  Abraham Lincoln  Signs “Emancipation Proclamation”

Civil War breaks out. North vs. South

 War would last from 1861 to 1865  More Americans killed in this war than ALL other wars the US has fought in since, combined!  The North eventually won. Slaves were set free.

How did battlefield communications work in the 1860’s? Music!

 Military Communication in the 1800’s was through music “eg trumpet call to instruct “CHARGE”  -musicians often children too small to fight but were still in the line of fire  -many musicians killed on battle field to destroy communication means for opponent

 -after battles, marching band instruments litter the field (trumpets, trombones, clarinets  They are picked up, cleaned up, appear in pawn shops and are the only instruments recently freed slaves could afford  -they become the early instruments of jazz

The seeds are planted…..  -West African rhythms create rhythmic feel for jazz  -West African focus on improvisation creates the improv elements of jazz  -harmonic influence learned by black musicians through the hymns they were taught in churches on plantations  Jazz takes a few decades to develop

Scott Joplin  Around 1890 he settled in St. Louis, where the unique combination of European classical music styles and African-American harmony and rhythm led to the creation of a new genre of music. The syncopated rhythms were referred to as “ragged time,” which was eventually shortened to the word most easily associated with Joplin – Ragtime.  Joplin was greatest ragtime innovator and you will recognize his greatest hit.  “The Entertainer”  This is the predecessor to jazz

Jazz finds a home….New Orleans  New Orleans is a port town.  Ironically, where many Africans first set foot in North America  Location makes it an important sea port and is the entrance to the heart of the country up the Mississippi

 Port towns are also known as great places to…. PARTY!!!

Mardi Gras!!!

 And every good party needs….  MUSIC!!!  Musicians from all over the south can find work playing in the country’s best party town  -other musical influences share in the multicultural atmosphere of New Orleans. Being a port town, there were people in and out from all over the world. (French, Spanish, Portuguese)

We’ve been listening to King Oliver

Louis Armstrong  Trumpet player in Oliver’s band  Incredible improviser  Became so big, he went out on his own  Moved jazz out of New Orleans, up the river to Chicago

And to the rest of the world.  Louis Armstrong became the first black celebrity.