The New Republic Chapter 8 Test Review

People to Identify: #1:____________- 1 st Secretary of State #2: __________ - 1 st Secretary of Treasury #3: __________- 1 st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court #4: ____________- 1 st Vice President ( ) Thomas Jefferson Alex Hamilton John Jay John Adams

#5: Who makes treaties with other governments? Secretary of State

#6: Who handles the government’s finances? Secretary of Treasury

#7: Who is the military advisor? Secretary of War

#8: When did George Washington take the oath of office and become the first president of the United States? 1789

#9: How did Congress agree to address George Washington, the first president? “Mr. President”

#10: Who did Washington meet with regularly to help him solve the challenges of the nation? (His official advisors) Cabinet

#11: This act passed in 1789 established a federal court system? The Federal Judiciary Act

#12: Added to the Constitution to protect individual liberties. (1 st 10 amendments) Bill of Rights

#13: The amount the nation’s government owes. National Debt

#14: People who risk money in order to make a larger profit. Speculators

#15: When Hamilton proposed a plan to reduce the national debt, was the North or South upset about repaying the debt accumulated during the Revolutionary War? The South

#16: How was the South hurt by protective tariffs? They were hurt economically. The South had little industry and purchased many foreign goods.

#17: How did the North benefit from the protective tariffs? It encouraged Americans to buy American products- most of which were produced in the North.

#18: A compromise was made to win support for Hamilton’s plan. Where did the Southern leaders want to located the nation’s capital? (Between what 2 states) Maryland & Virginia

#19: Who helped plan the layout of the nation’s capital? Ben Banneker

#20: The name of the new capital Washington DC

#21: Who favored a strong federal government because it would benefit the economy and supported the establishment of a national bank? Federalists

#22: Who opposed the idea of the national bank because they believed it favored the wealthy and was UNCONSTITUTIONAL? Democratic-Republicans

#23: What did the United States establish in order to protect American industry? Protective Tariff

#24: Tax on imported goods. Protective Tariff

#25: Alexander Hamilton’s plan to strengthen the economy by creating national taxes led to an uprising of farmers. What was this known as? Whiskey Rebellion

#26: Where did the rebellion occur? Western Pennsylvania

#27: The rebellion showed that the government would use ____ when necessary to maintain the social order. Force

#28: not taking sides in a conflict. Neutral

#29: Why did Washington advise the nation to remain neutral in world affairs? Alliance might pull U.S. into foreign wars which we could not afford to be involved in

#30: Washington set a key precedent (example) by serving only __ terms as President.

#31: In Washington’s Farewell Address, what did he believe would divide the nation? Political Parties

#32: In Washington’s Farewell Address, he urged leaders to remain ____ and steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world. Neutral

#33: Describe the impact of Washington’s Farewell Address into the 20th century? Established a foreign policy of neutrality for the U.S. that lasted into the 20 th Century.

#34: Person favoring one side of a political issue. Partisan

#35: Political parties started in the United States due to disagreements over the balance of between Federal and State governments. Power

36. Name each party. Strict interpretation of the Constitution Loose interpretation of the Constitution Agricultural economyIndustrial economy Weak central governmentStrong Central or federal government State BankNational Bank Democratic-RepublicanFederalist

#37: Created the Federalist Party Alexander Hamilton

#38: Created the Democratic Republican Party. Thomas Jefferson

#39: In the election of 1796, who was elected as the 2nd president of the United States. He represented the Federalist Party. John Adams

#40: Who became vice-president in the 1796 election because he was the runner-up to John Adams? This was unusual because he was a Democrat-Republican and the president was a Federalist. Thomas Jefferson

#41: What is a person who lives in the United States but is not a citizen called? Alien

#42: Passed in 1798 in order to silence Republican critics. Newspaper editors were arrested for criticizing the government. Sedition Act

#43: An importance of the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions written by Madison and Jefferson was that it proposed that a) ____________should be able to b) __________ federal laws they opposed. This is important because it laid the foundation for c) _____________ to limit the powers of the federal government. States Nullify States

#44: Attempt by French agents to extort money from American representatives. [crisis with France] XYZ Affair “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute!”

#45: Who was the President of the United States who became furious during the XYZ affair? John Adams