Reaction Energy and Reaction Kinetics Chapter 17 Notes.

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Presentation transcript:

Reaction Energy and Reaction Kinetics Chapter 17 Notes

Units for Heat calorie (cal) = the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 o C. The “c” is ALWAYS lowercase for this unit. Calorie (Cal) = 1 kilocalorie (kcal). This is what we mean when we talk about food – how much energy is in the food. The “C” is ALWAYS capitalized! Joule = SI unit for energy, including heat

Heat Capacity The amount of heat needed to change an object’s temperature. This depends on – Size of the object – Material of the object – How big is the temperature change To allow more direct comparisons we use specific heat capacity instead.

Specific Heat Capacity The amount of heat need to change the temperature of 1 gram of a material by 1 o C – For water, c = 4.18 J/g∙ o C – This means it takes 4.18 joules of energy to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water from 20 o C to 21 o C You have been given a table of specific heats. This needs to go in the references section of your binder.

Calculating Specific Heat Heat (J or cal) Change in temperature = T final – T initial ( o C or K) Mass (g) Specific heat (J/g∙ o C or cal/g∙ o C)

Example 1 The temperature of a piece of copper with a mass of 95.4 grams increases from 25.0 o C to 48.0 o C when the metal absorbs 849 J of heat. What is the specific heat of copper?

Example 1 The temperature of a piece of copper with a mass of 95.4 grams increases from 25.0 o C to 48.0 o C when the metal absorbs 849 J of heat. What is the specific heat of copper?

Example 1 The temperature of a piece of copper with a mass of 95.4 grams increases from 25.0 o C to 48.0 o C when the metal absorbs 849 J of heat. What is the specific heat of copper?

Example 2 How much heat is required to raise the temperature of g of mercury 52.0 o C?

Example 2 How much heat is required to raise the temperature of g of mercury 52.0 o C?

Example 2 How much heat is required to raise the temperature of g of mercury 52.0 o C?

Example 3 What is the temperature change when 2543 J of heat are added to 76.4 g of alcohol?

Example 3 What is the temperature change when 2543 J of heat are added to 76.4 g of alcohol?

Example 3 What is the temperature change when 2543 J of heat are added to 76.4 g of alcohol?

Example 4 The temperature of a 283 gram sample increases 11.2 o C by absorbing 1204 J of heat. What material is the sample?

Example 4 The temperature of a 283 gram sample increases 11.2 o C by absorbing 1204 J of heat. What material is the sample?

Example 4 The temperature of a 283 gram sample increases 11.2 o C by absorbing 1204 J of heat. What material is the sample?