 2007 by David A. Prentice HOW DO YOU K NOW WHAT YOU K NOW? Or at least what you think you know? HOW DO YOU K NOW WHAT YOU K NOW? Or at least what you think you know? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 

 2007 by David A. Prentice Review of DVD n Questions n The 6 days of creation are really 6,000 years, right? n Did God use evolution to create anything? n It’s okay to say something happened millions of years ago, right? n Answers n WRONG! They are just Normal Days!!! n NO!!! n WRONG! And we should tell our kids that it’s not okay every chance we get

 2007 by David A. Prentice WHAT MOST PEOPLE THINK: Evolution is science... Creation is religion. 

 2007 by David A. Prentice BOTH ARE RELIGION n Religion: “any specific system of belief, worship, conduct, etc., often involving a code of ethics and a philosophy.” & held with great devotion n Who or what started everything, why, and what does it all mean?

 2007 by David A. Prentice Initial Complexity vs. Disorganization n Creation: Everything started complex and is slowly becoming worse n Evolution: Everything started disorganized and is slowly becoming better

 2007 by David A. Prentice EVOLUTIONISTS None are true atheists n“n“n“n“Atheistic” evolutionists - There are few of these left nMnMnMnMost are “Theistic” -I-I-I-Intelligent design -A-A-A-Aliens or “God” nCnCnCnClaim they believe in no God but that everything happened by natural processes nTnTnTnTheir God is called “natural processes” nSnSnSnSome “god” created the universe using evolution

EVOLUTIONISTS n Some believe in Neo- Darwinism n Most believe in Punctuated Equilibrium n Evolution happened very slowly n Evolution occurs in jumps – like x- men

 2007 by David A. Prentice CREATIONISTS nDnDnDnDay Age Theory nWnWnWnWhat we believe: Recent Rapid Creation: nCnCnCnCreation happened over millions of years through evolution nCnCnCnCreation happened around 4,000 years ago Day Age Theory is the same as – THEISTIC EVOLUTION

Review of 1 st Class Questions n Is Evolution science or religion? n Creation believes the world started perfect and is getting __________ n Evolution believes the world started disorganized and is getting _________ Answers n Religion n Worse - “Initial Complexity” n Better - “Initial Disorganization”

 2007 by David A. Prentice n The Bible says that one kind of animal can evolve into another kind, right? n Does evolution say that given enough “millions of years”, any animal can evolve into any other animal? n Most evolutionists are atheists (don’t believe in God), right? – think hard... n The “god” of atheists is called _____________ n WRONG!!! n Yep. n Nope! all believe in some “god” n Natural Processes or random chance

 2007 by David A. Prentice n Punctuated Equilibrium says evolutions happens in sp_rts (like in x-men) n Neo-Darwinism says evolution happens sl__ly n Genesis 1-3 happened about how many years ago? n Day Age Theory & Progressive Creation are the same as Th__st_c Evolution n Spurts n Slowly n Around 4,000 years ago n Theistic

 2007 by David A. Prentice WHEN WILL THIS REVIEW BE OVER? Smile because we’re almost done

 2007 by David A. Prentice Present + Repeatable + Observable = SCIENCE

 2007 by David A. Prentice TRUE SCIENCE We’re on page 4

 2007 by David A. Prentice = Science which is Testable n Are we currently conducting an experiment about a pen? PRESENT n Can someone else repeat our complicated experiment? + Repeatable n Are there people here doing and watching the experiment? + Eyewitnesses

 2007 by David A. Prentice Past + Non-Repeatable + Eyewitness Account = HISTORY Who was the first President?

 2007 by David A. Prentice = HISTORY which is NOT testable Page 5 n Is G.W. currently the president? PAST n Will the same G.W. ever be president again? Can we ever re-live the revolution? + Non-Repeatable n Were there reliable people who saw and wrote about what G.W. did in the past? + Eyewitnesses

 2007 by David A. Prentice Page 6 History or Belief?

 2007 by David A. Prentice = Belief which is NOT testable n Are the pieces currently being put inside? PAST n Will this fossil ever be made for the 1 st time again? How can we be sure how this fossil was put together? + Non-Repeatable n Are there any eyewitness accounts of when it was made? + No Eyewitnesses

 2007 by David A. Prentice Present + Repeatable + Observable = SCIENCE Past + Non-Repeatable + Eyewitness Account = HISTORY Past + Non-Repeatable + No Eyewitnesses = BELIEF 

 2007 by David A. Prentice WHAT TV AND TEXTBOOKS SHOW US... WHAT TV AND TEXTBOOKS SHOW US... 

 2007 by David A. Prentice Last Questions n Which two are Non-Repeatable: Science History Belief n Which two must have Eye Witnesses Science History Belief Science History Belief n Which is history and which is only belief? Evolution Creation = History!!!= Only Belief!!!

 2007 by David A. Prentice THE ORIGINS CONTROVERSY: Not Science vs. Religion, but Religion vs. Religion. THE ORIGINS CONTROVERSY: Not Science vs. Religion, but Religion vs. Religion. CREATION EVOLUTION is a religion based on REVELATION. is a religion based on SPECULATION.  Page 8

 2007 by David A. Prentice IS IT LOGICAL TO BELIEVE IN EVOLUTION? IS IT LOGICAL TO BELIEVE IN EVOLUTION? IF man evolved from apes, IF man evolved from apes, Your brain evolved from an ape brain. Your brain evolved from an ape brain. IF your brain evolved from an ape brain, IF your brain evolved from an ape brain, Your logic evolved from ape logic. Your logic evolved from ape logic. How do you know it evolved right? Maybe you’re not even asking the right questions! How do you know it evolved right? Maybe you’re not even asking the right questions! Evolution is logical ONLY if you are a modified ape. 

 2007 by David A. Prentice HOW CAN YOU BE SURE YOU REALLY EXIST? (Could you be living in “The Matrix”?) Descartes: “I think, therefore I am.” If you didn’t exist, there would be no one to ask the question! Did you make yourself? Either (1) you have always existed, or (2) you made yourself and forgot about it, or (3) something out- side yourself -- your concept of God -- made you. Would God take the trouble to make you and then completely deceive you about reality? If not, maybe your senses are at least partially reliable. There really is a universe out there! 

 2007 by David A. Prentice 1. Personal Experience through the five senses. I know a bee sting hurts; I know how to ride a bike. 1. Personal Experience through the five senses. I know a bee sting hurts; I know how to ride a bike. 2. Reliance on Authority. I know the sun is 93 million miles away; Jesus loves me, this I know, for the Bible tells me so. 2. Reliance on Authority. I know the sun is 93 million miles away; Jesus loves me, this I know, for the Bible tells me so. 3. Logic. I know 2 million + 2 million = 4 million, even though I’ve never counted that high. I know I have a brain, even though I’ve never seen it. 3. Logic. I know 2 million + 2 = 4 million, even though I’ve never counted that high. I know I have a brain, even though I’ve never seen it. 4. Feeling or Intuition. I know she’s the one for me; I know God has called me to the ministry. 4. Feeling or Intuition. I know she’s the one for me; I know God has called me to the ministry. 5. Wishful Thinking (you really want it to be true) I just know I’m going to win the lottery! 5. Wishful Thinking (you really want it to be true) I just know I’m going to win the lottery! 6. Bluffing (lying) - you try to persuade others for an ulterior motive. You should buy these tickets from me because I know this team is going to the Super Bowl this year; I know evolution is a fact! 6. Bluffing (lying) - you try to persuade others for an ulterior motive. You should buy these tickets from me because I know this team is going to the Super Bowl this year; I know evolution is a fact! WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO “KNOW” SOMETHING? WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO “KNOW” SOMETHING? 

 2007 by David A. Prentice REASONS TO BELIEVE OTHERS WHO TRY TO PERSUADE US OF WHAT THEY “KNOW” REASONS TO BELIEVE OTHERS WHO TRY TO PERSUADE US OF WHAT THEY “KNOW” IS IT BECAUSE: IS IT BECAUSE: (1) They claim to have personal experience, OR (2) They appeal to an authority we trust, OR (3) We have checked out their logic and found it trustworthy? (1) They claim to have personal experience, OR (2) They appeal to an authority we trust, OR (3) We have checked out their logic and found it trustworthy? OR are we willing to trust their (4) intuition, (5) wishful thinking, or (6) bluffing? OR are we willing to trust their (4) intuition, (5) wishful thinking, or (6) bluffing? 

 2007 by David A. Prentice THE PREHISTORIC PAST: THE PREHISTORIC PAST: 1. No living person has personal experience. 1. No living person has personal experience. 2. There are no eyewitness accounts except the Bible, which is unacceptable to skeptics. 2. There are no eyewitness accounts except the Bible, which is unacceptable to skeptics. SO HOW DO WE “KNOW” ABOUT THE BEGINNING? Through LOGIC ONLY. SO HOW DO WE “KNOW” ABOUT THE BEGINNING? Through LOGIC ONLY. 

 2007 by David A. Prentice If I am at Mount Everest, then I am at the highest mountain in the world. TRUE. CONVERSES IN LOGIC THE CONVERSE: If I am at the highest mountain in the world, then I am at Mount Everest. ALSO TRUE. A converse is reliable ONLY if there is an exact one-to-one match between the “If” and “Then” parts - a biconditional (“if and only if”). 1-19

 2007 by David A. Prentice A converse is NOT reliable if there is more than one possibility. If I am at Victoria Falls, then I am at one of the largest waterfalls in the world. TRUE. THE CONVERSE: If I am at one of the largest waterfalls in the world, then I am at Victoria Falls. FALSE. (not reliable) THE INVALID LOGIC OF EVOLUTION 1-20

 2007 by David A. Prentice AT ONE OF THE LARGEST WATERFALLS IF AT VICTORIA FALLS IF AT NIAGARA FALLS IF AT ANGEL FALLS IF AT OTHER LARGE WATER- FALL IF AT KAIETEUR FALLS PROPER LOGIC FLOW 1-21

 2007 by David A. Prentice All teaching of “evolution only” in schools rests on the invalid use of a logical converse. If I am at Victoria Falls, then I am at one of the largest waterfalls in the world. TRUE. THE CONVERSE: If I am at one of the largest waterfalls in the world, then I am at Victoria Falls. FALSE. (not reliable) THE INVALID LOGIC OF EVOLUTION If evolution is true, then the universe and life would exist. TRUE. THE CONVERSE: If the universe and life exist, then evolution is true. FALSE. (not reliable) 1-22

 2007 by David A. Prentice UNIVERSE EXISTS ATHEISTIC EVOLUTION CORRECT THEISTIC EVOLUTION CORRECT YOUNG-EARTH CREATION CORRECT SOMETHING ELSE CORRECT SOMETHING ELSE CORRECT POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS FOR THE UNIVERSE OLD-EARTH CREATION CORRECT 1-23

 2007 by David A. Prentice EVEN WITH CORRECT LOGIC, FALSE PREMISES CAN LEAD TO FALSE CONCLUSIONS. All dogs bark. (Or, “If an animal is a dog, then it barks.”) Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido barks. Not if Fido is a Basenji! Not if Fido is a Basenji! Basenjis do not bark. If any one of our premises is wrong, then our conclusion is unreliable. 1-24

 2007 by David A. Prentice WHO? W H O ? WHAT? W H A T ? WHAT NOT? W H A T N O T ? HOW? H O W ? GOD? G O D ? HOW TO TELL SCIENCE FROM STORYTELLING HOW TO TELL SCIENCE FROM STORYTELLING 1. WHO said they saw it? Can I trust them? 1. WHO said they saw it? Can I trust them? 2. WHAT did they actually see? 2. WHAT did they actually see? 3. WHAT are they NOT telling me? 3. WHAT are they NOT telling me? 4. HOW could I test this to see if it’s true? 4. HOW could I test this to see if it’s true? 5. What does GOD have to say about it? 5. What does GOD have to say about it? HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT? 1-25