TEXTILES Objective 4.01

Bell Ringer 10/8  Watch the video and respond to the following questions…  What are “TEXTILES”?  List 3 examples

Objective Recognize Basic Textiles used in interiors.

Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet) A. Fibers 1. Natural a. Cellulosic (1) Cotton (2) Flax (3) Ramie b. Protein (1) Silk (2) Wool (3) Animal Skins (a) Leather (b) Fur

Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet) 2. Manufactured a. Nylon b. Rayon c. Polyester d. Olefin e. Acetate f. Acrylic

Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet) B. Fabric Construction 1. Yarns a. Warp yarns b. Weft yarns 2. Grain 3. Nap 4. Blends C. Types of weaves 1. Plain 2. Twill 3. Satin 4. Jacquard 5. Non-woven

Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet) D. Laws 1. Textile Fiber Products Identification Act 2. Wool Products Labeling Act 3. Flammable Fabrics Act

Textiles  Textiles are any products made from fibers, including fabrics  Textiles in Interiors include: carpets, rugs, upholstery, curtains, tablecloths, towels, sheets, etc.

Textiles in the Home  Appearance  Overall visual effect  Durability  Ability to last  Maintenance  Care needed to keep fabrics clean and looking their best  Comfort  Visual and physical comfort  Ease of Construction  The ease with which the fabric is managed  Cost  Purchase the best fabric for its use; cheaper is not always better

Fibers  Fibers are the raw materials from which fabric is made  Two categories of Fibers: Natural and Manufactured

Natural Fibers  Come from plant and animal sources  Two types: Cellulosic and Protein

Cellulosic Natural Fibers  Come from the cellulose in plants  Absorbent, launder well, resist insect damage  Burn easily, stained by mildew, wrinkle easily  Examples:  Cotton- cotton plant  Linen- flax plant  Ramie- China grass  Kapok- Kapok tree  Refer to Table 13-1, Cellulosic Natural Fibers

Cotton  Characteristics:  Absorbent  Strong  Dyes well  Shrinks in hot water  Uses  Sheets  Comforters  Rugs  Towels  Upholstery  Draperies

Linen  Characteristics:  Strong  Wears Well  Uses  Tablecloth  Upholstery  Comforters  Kitchen Towels  Draperies

Ramie  Characteristics:  Dyes well  High Gloss or shine  Shrinks  Uses  Table linens

Kapok  Characteristics:  Light  Soft  Not washable  Uses  Pillows and pad Filling

Protein Natural Fibers  Come from animal sources  Burn slowly, elastic  Resilient = return to original size and shape  Need to be dry-cleaned  Examples:  Silk- from silkworm cocoon  Wool- Hair of sheep  Animal Skins, Leather and Fur  Refer to Table 13-2, Protein Natural Fibers

Silk  Characteristics:  Strong  Absorbent  Dyes Well  Lustrous  Water spots easily  Uses  Draperies  Lampshades  Wall Hangings  Upholstery

Wool  Characteristics:  Absorbent  Wrinkle resistant  Not moth resistant  Shrinks  Uses  Rugs  Curtains  Blankets  Draperies  Upholstery

Animal Skins, Leather, Fur  Today these are produced synthetically

Manufactured Fibers  Come from wood cellulose, oil products, and other chemicals  Two categories: Cellulosic and Non-Cellulosic

Manufactured Fibers  Launder Well, mothproof, non-allergenic  Examples  Acetate  Acrylic  Glass  Metallic  Modacrylic  Nylon  Olefin  Polyester  Rayon  Refer to Table 13-3, Manufactured Fabrics

Nylon  Characteristics:  Strong  Resistant to Chemical Damage  Does not stretch, shrink or absorb water  Creates static electricity  Uses  Carpet  Curtains  Draperies  Slipcovers  Tablecloths  Upholstery

Rayon  Characteristics:  Highly Absorbent  Soft  Dyes Easily  Drapes well  Weak  Uses  Bedding  Draperies  Slipcovers  Tablecloths  Upholstery

Polyester  Characteristics:  Strong  Resistant to shrinkage, abrasion  Holds shape  Low absorbency  Heat Sensitive  Uses  Carpet  Bedding  Curtains  Draperies  Rugs  Tablecloths  Upholstery

Olefin  Characteristics:  Lightweight  Strong  Resistant to abrasion  Heat Sensitive  Nonabsorbent  Uses  Carpet Backing and Carpet  Slipcover  Upholstery

Acetate  Characteristics:  Drapes Well  Dyes Easily  Weak  Heat Sensitive  Uses  Bedspreads  Draperies  Upholstery  Sheers

Acrylic  Characteristics:  Warm  Lightweight  Resists Wrinkles  Low absorbency  Heat Sensitive  Uses  Blankets  Carpets  Draperies  Rugs  Upholstery

Fabric Construction  Fibers are spun or twisted into yarns  A yarn can be made from a single type of fiber or from two or more different fibers (blend)  Blends bring out good qualities of some fibers and hide the bad qualities

Fabric Construction  Woven Fabrics- created by weaving yarns together.  Weaving – Interlacing of two sets of yarns at right angles to each other  Knitted Fabrics- looping of yarns together  Single, double, jersey, rib, jacquard  Nonwoven Fabrics- joined together using heat, moisture, chemicals, friction, or pressure  Felt, vinyl, leather

Fabric Construction WOVENKNITTED NONWOVEN

Yarns  Weaving – Interlacing of two sets of yarns at right angles to each other  Warp- Lengthwise direction (up and down)  Weft- Filling yarns that run in the crosswise direction (right to left)

Fabric Construction  Grain- The direction that yarns run in a woven fabric  Nap- Layer of fiber ends that stand up from the surface of the fabric  Appears different when viewed from different directions  Example: velvet

Fabric Construction Tomorrow we will look at the various types of weaves and knits! Right now, lets finish the notes by looking at a few laws created in relation to Textiles…

Laws  Textile Fiber Products Identification Act (1960)  sets regulations regarding the advertising and labeling of textile fiber products   Wool Products Labeling Act (1939)  Requires anyone who manufacturers or sells products containing wool to accurately label each item with the fiber content and origin   Flammable Fabrics Act (1953)  Regulates the manufacture of highly flammable fabric 

Project  Discuss Spoonflower Project  DUE Monday 10/13

Bell Ringer 10/9  Look at the tag in the back of your shirt (your neighbor can help you do this ) and write down the fibers in your shirt.

Objective Recognize Basic Textiles used in interiors.

Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet) A. Fibers 1. Natural a. Cellulosic (1) Cotton (2) Flax (3) Ramie b. Protein (1) Silk (2) Wool (3) Animal Skins (a) Leather (b) Fur

Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet) 2. Manufactured a. Nylon b. Rayon c. Polyester d. Olefin e. Acetate f. Acrylic

Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet) B. Fabric Construction 1. Yarns a. Warp yarns b. Weft yarns 2. Grain 3. Nap 4. Blends C. Types of weaves 1. Plain 2. Twill 3. Satin 4. Jacquard 5. Non-woven

Outline/Vocab (on your course outline sheet) D. Laws 1. Textile Fiber Products Identification Act 2. Wool Products Labeling Act 3. Flammable Fabrics Act

Types of Weaves  Plain Weave- simplest  Weft goes over and under each warp  Basket Weave  Similar to Plain weave  Two or more weft yarns are interlaced with two or more warp weaves

Types of Weaves

 Twill Weave  The warp or the weft yarn passes over two or more yarns  Each succeeding pass begins one yarn above or below the last one  Results in a WALE – diagonal rib pattern in the fabric

Types of Weaves

 Satin Weave  Has long FLOATS or portions of yarn on the surface of fabric  The warp or the weft float over 4 or more opposite yarns  Each succeeding float begins two yarns away from the beginning of the last one  Results in a smooth and slippery fabric

Types of Weaves

 Pile Weave  Variation of plain and twill weaves  Yarn loops or cut yarns that stand away from the base of the fabric  Pile fabrics have a nap  Examples- Velvet, Corduroy, Terry cloth

Types of Knits  Jersey- one flat side and one piled side  Most common  T-shirts!  Rib- vertical stripes created by wales  Jacquard- created on an electric loom  Complex upholstery fabrics

Types of Knits

Project  Spoonflower Project  DUE Monday 10/13

Bell Ringer 10/10  Sit Quietly and get ready to hear from our GUEST SPEAKER from Cotton, Inc.  Take notes in your notebooks! For Future QUIZ

Project  Spoonflower Project  DUE Monday, 10/13