Facilitated Diffusion and Active Transport

Facilitated Diffusion Many molecules and ions need special protein channels to pass through the cell membrane. This is still considered diffusion since the molecules or ions move from high to low concentration.

Active Transport Some molecules and ions must be moved against their concentration gradient, that is, from low to high concentration. This process requires energy to “pump” the molecule or ion into or out of the cell.

Endocytosis The cell membrane is able to intake large quantities of materials by infolding and creating a vacuole inside of the cell

Phagocytosis – a type of endocytosis When a cell takes in a large particle such as a bacteria cell it is called phagocytosis

Pinocytosis – a type of endycytosis When a cell takes in many small particles it is called pinocytosis

Exocytosis A vacuole within the cell that contains products the cell needs to get rid of is able to fuse with the cell membrane and release the products outside of the cell.