Abu Bakr Al-Siddiqi By: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Kinzah Fatima, Muhammad Khan, Zafir Kabbani, and Amir Hijawi

People Abu Bakr: Umar: Ali bin Talib: First Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire Best missionary in Islam after the Prophet (SAW) He was Caliph for 2 years Expanded the least amount of Islam Umar: One of the wealthiest and bravest Sahaba at the time 2nd Caliph to rule over the Islamic Empire Conquered Jerusalem and Damascus Accomplishment Ali bin Talib: Cousin and son in law of the Prophet (SAW) Caliph for 5 years Respected by Sunni’s and Shia’s Last Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire

Timeline 570-571 Prophet Muhammad was born. 573 Abu Bakr was born. 625 The Battle of Uhud took place. 629 The Battle of Khaybar took place. 630 The Conquest of Makkah took place. The Battle of Tabuk took place. 632 Abu Bakr becomes Caliph. Prophet Muhammad died. 634 Omar becomes Caliph. Abu Bakr died. 644 Othman becomes Caliph. 656 Ali becomes Caliph.

Events 632 Abu Bakr as a caliph: - He was chosen as the prophet’s successor. - Chosen by Ansars and Quraish. Prophets Muhammad's death: - He was extremely ill. -He was still beautiful even at his last days. Sickness before death: - He was awfully ill before death. - He felt very tired.

Islam expanded all over Europe and Asia Geography Islam expanded all over Europe and Asia Saudi Arabia Iran Iraq Libya All of the Caliphs had spread Islam in some way. The Caliphs spread Islam north, south, east, and west. Egypt Pakistan Turkey Afghanistan

Artifacts All Caliphs wore turbans. Islamic Calligraphy was very famous. All Caliphs wore turbans. The Companions would fight with swords.

Fun Facts First male to convert. Prophets best friend. Died same age as the Prophet. Accompanied the prophet (s) during his migration. Daughter married to Prophet. Abu Bakr was the Muslim leader after the prophet. First to compile the Quran in one book.

Quotes “ Have an earnestness for death and you will have life.”-Abu Bakr “ He who aspires to paradise should learn to deal with people with kindness.”-Abu Bakr “ Do not look down upon any Muslim, for even the most inferior believer is great in the eyes of god.”-Abu Bakr “ Be good to others, that will protect you against evil.”-Abu Bakr

By: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi Al-Jazari By: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi

Background He was a: Scholar Inventor Mechanical engineer Craftsman Artist Mathematician Astronomer Writer From Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia Best known for his book Real name: al-Shaykh Ra'is al-A`mal Badi`al-Zaman Abu al-'Izz ibn Isma`il ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari

Crankshaft and crank-slider Inventions: Clocks Camshaft Crankshaft and crank-slider mechanism Saqiya chain pumps Water supply system Drink serving waitress Musical robot band Peacock fountain with automated servant Hand washing automaton with flush mechanism Crankshaft and crank-slider mechanism Castle clocks

Greek water technology Elephant Clock CULTURAL REALATIONS: Indian Elephant Chinese serpents Arabian architecture Greek water technology Height: 8.5 meters high

How does the elephant clock work? http://muxlim.com/videos/1001Inventions/the-elephant-clock-by-al-jazari/

Comparing Clocks No need for people to keep track of the clock! These clocks are automatically timed!

Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices Document about devices & tools. Written in 1206. Described many mechanical devices.

Artifacts Saqiya Chain Pumps Elephant Clock Castle Clock

By: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, Zafir Kabbani Ibn Al- Haythem By: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, Zafir Kabbani

Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haythem Background Born: 965 CE  Basra, Iraq Died: 1040 CE Cairo, Egypt Residence: - Basra, Iraq -Cairo, Egypt Jobs: - Physicist - Mathematician - Astronomer Full Name: Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haythem

Do you want to learn how to make an Obscura? The Obscura Optical device Pin hole camera Reflection in mirror Do you want to learn how to make an Obscura? http://licm.org.uk/livingImage/CameraObscura.html

Comparison Obscura 2011 Camera

Accomplishment (Kitab Al-Manazir) seven-volume treatise Optics, physics, mathematics, anatomy, and psychology

The Book Of Optics Talks about the vision and studies of the eye Written in 1011 -1021 Important influence on the developments of optics “Pioneer of the modern scientific method” and “The founder of  experimental physics”

Artifacts “The Book Of Optics” Two pages of the book How the obscura works “The Book Of Optics” Two pages of the book

Bibliography Abu Bakr: AL Jazari: Ibn Al Haythem: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr http://www.sunnah.org/publication/khulafa_rashideen/caliph1.htm http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/a/abu_bakr.html AL Jazari: http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?ArticleID=848 http://www.history-science-technology.com/Articles/articles%206.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Jazari Ibn Al Haythem: http://www.ibnalhaytham.net/ http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Haytham.html http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0824826.html

We Hope You Enjoyed Our Presentation Credits Abu Bakr Big Books: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Kinzah Fatima, Zafir Kabbani, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi Abu Bakr Power Point: Hiba Masfaka and Aqsa Kanwal Al Jazari Power Point: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi Ibn Al Haythem Power Point: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani Power Point Animations: Hiba Masfaka, and Kinzah Fatima Banners: Kinzah Fatima, Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Zafir Kabbani, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi Al Jazari Poster: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi Ibn Al Haythem Poster: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani Abu Bakr Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal and Hiba Masfaka Al Jazari Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi Ibn Al Haythem Artifacts: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani Pictures: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani We Hope You Enjoyed Our Presentation