Electricity | A Usuable Form of Energy Chapter 16 Notes

AP Alignment

Basic Definitions Energy | Does things for us… Energy has many forms in two categories – Potential | Stored energy, energy of position – Kinetic | Motion

Energy Units to Understand | Comparing Energy Sources British Thermal Unit (Btu) = Energy required to raise 1lb of water 1 o F Wood match = ~1Btu | 1oz gasoline = ~1,000 Btus Watt (W) = measure of electric power a device uses – Power is the rate(time) of doing work A 60 watt light bulb requires 60 watts of electrical energy to provide light Kilowatt is 1,000 watts Kilowatt hour (kWh) = the amount of electricity used in one hour at a rate of 1,000 watts. – A Megawatt is 1,000 kilowatts or 1,000,000 watts – A Gigawatt is 1,000,000,000 watts or 1,000 megawatts – A Terawatt is 1 trillion watts (All humans use 16TW)

Energy Units to Understand | Comparing Energy Sources Joule (J) = is the energy expended; or work done – Applying 1 N for 1m – 1 watt of power for 1 sec (Watt-sec, W  s) Calorie (cal) = energy needed to raise 1g of water by 1 o C – Is ~4.18 J Horsepower (hp) = no longer used…watt is now used as of 1/2010 – Is ~750watts

Thermodynamics | 1 st and 2 nd Laws

Generating Electricity Primitive |Simple Convert water to steam Steam does work on turbine Turbine does work on generator Generator converts movement to electricity The more energy form conversions… …the less energy net yield… Thanks to 2 nd Law of Thermodynamics

Industrial Revolution | 300 yrs in 300 secs

World and US Energy Sources

US Energy Sources US Energy Uses Knowledge is POWER… …What area would you target to improve?  Efficiency  Conservation

“If you demand it…they will design it”

Our Energy