VS. 9b, 9d Interactive Notes

Review!

Agriculture = Virginia’s economy Plantations & farms destroyed = Virginia’s economy was ruined

Great numbers of freed African Americans were now on their own and needed housing, education, clothing, food, and jobs.

Virginia’s economy began to grow, or develop in many areas after the Civil War. These changes in transportation, cities, industry and technology helped to improve the economy of Virginia.

With more people, businesses, and factories moving to towns and cities, small towns grew into cities and the need for more and better roads increased.

With the start of the 20 th & 21 st Century, Virginia saw many changes. It began to become more industrial. New technologies became available and people started using computers. People started getting more jobs with the federal government. New forms of transportation were now available, like street cars, airplanes, and a new interstate highway system. Virginia is a beautiful place that attracted a lot of visitors to locations like Virginia Beach.

Here we go…!

1500s 1600s1700s1800s 1900s2000s 16 th Century 17 th Century 18 th Century 19 th Century 20 th Century 21 st Century

Maggie L. Walker: In the early 20 th century, women did not benefit from many of the rights and privileges enjoyed by men. They were not allowed to vote and those that worked held only the lowest paying jobs. One woman refused to accept this poor treatment. Her name was Maggie L. Walker. Maggie established St. Luke’s Penny Savings Bank in Richmond, Virginia. She also became the first African American woman to establish and become a bank president in the United States.

Harry F. Byrd, Sr.: Harry F. Byrd, Sr. was a very powerful leader from the state of Virginia. He served as the 50 th governor of Virginia and as a United States Senator. As governor, he modernized our state government and improved state roads. His motto was “Pay As You Go.” Harry F. Byrd, Sr. did not believe that Virginia should borrow money to improve its roads. Instead he proposed that the needed money come from taxes on gasoline.

Oliver W. Hill, Sr.: As a civil rights lawyer and civil rights leader, Oliver W. Hill, Sr. worked for equal rights of African Americans. He played a key role in the Brown v. (versus) Board of Education decision to desegregate public schools.

Arthur R. Ashe, Jr.: Arthur R. Ashe, Jr. was the first African American winner of a major men’s tennis singles championship. His famous ten year career began on the public recreation courts in Richmond, Virginia. During this time frame he won three Grand Slam singles titles and collected over 800 career victories. Arthur R. Ashe, Jr. was also known as an author and spokesperson for social change. His popularity gave him many opportunities to speak out about inequities in the world of tennis and society as a whole.

A. Linwood Holton, Jr.: As the 61 st governor of Virginia, A. Linwood Holton, Jr. was born in Big Stone Gap, Virginia. As an attorney and politician, he promoted racial equality. In fact, as governor, he appointed more African Americans and women to state government positions than any other governor. A. Linwood Holton, Jr. also created the Virginia Governor’s Schools Program.

L. Douglas Wilder: In 1989, voters in Virginia elected L. Douglas Wilder, the grandson of an enslaved African American, as their 66 th governor. The Richmond teenager, who had once shined shoes and washed windows to help support his family, became the first African American to be elected a state governor in the United States.

Two famous men, Woodrow Wilson and George C. Marshall, were important national and international leaders. Their contributions benefited both the United States and the world.

Woodrow Wilson: Woodrow Wilson was a 20 th century president ( ) who was born in Virginia. He wrote a plan for world peace. His plan was called the League of Nations which earned him the Nobel Peace Prize. Wilson was president during World War I.

George C. Marshall: General of the Army, George C. Marshall created an economic plan to ensure world peace. This plan was called the Marshall Plan for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in Marshall graduated from Virginia Military Institute (VMI) and was related to Chief Justice John Marshall who was a native Virginian.