Types of Fossils Pg. 44 of IAN Objective: To learn about the different types of fossils.

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Presentation transcript:

Types of Fossils Pg. 44 of IAN Objective: To learn about the different types of fossils.

Fossil: The actual remains or evidence of a living thing. of a living thing.

Detailed fossil of a mioplosus swallowing a small fish.

Fossil ammonite

Detail of a fish fossil embedded in rock.

Kinds of fossils: Each kind is identified according to the process by which it was formed.

a. Petrification a. Petrification: A once living material is replaced by minerals, turning it to stone.

Petrified Wood

Petrified Log The logs literally turned to stone as minerals replaced wood cells when trees were buried during an ancient flood. wood cells when trees were buried during an ancient flood.

b. Molds and Casts: Mold: Type of fossil that forms as an outline or cavity in a rock. Cast: Type of fossil that forms when mineral crystals fill a mold or sediments wash into a mold and harden into rock.

Fossil Shells (molds)

Fossil trilobite (cast)

Fossil trilobite

c. imprints: Fossil formed when a thin object leaves an impression in soft mud, which hardens.

Detail of a fossil fern embedded in rock.

d. Preservation of entire organism Freezing: Freezing preserves things because it prevents them from decaying.

Preserved Woolly Mammoth

Amber:When the resin (sap) from certain evergreen trees hardens, it forms amber. Insects can be trapped.

Tar pits: Large pools of tar. Sticky tar trapped animals and eventually they sank.

e. Trace fossils: Non-body remains indicating the activities or behavior of an organism. Examples of trace fossils: tracks, trails, footprints, burrows, and fossil feces.

Fossilized dinosaur footprint

burrows

tracks

Trails A trail is an impression made on a surface by the body of a limbless animal. snail trail

Coprolites Coprolites are fossilized feces

Group Activity: 1.On a paper towel, flatten out a piece of clay. 2.Press the animals shape into the clay. 3.Remove the animal and put a thin layer of petroleum jelly in the space where the animal was (press lightly as to not destroy the patterns) 4.Get a test tube of melted wax from your teacher. Pour the wax into the depression in the clay. STOP POURING WHEN THE DEPRESSION IN THE CLAY IS FULL. 5.Allow the wax to harden while you begin the discussion questions. 6.DRAW a PICTURE of your model “fossil”.