1 Body Terminology rev 9-11 Lab 1 Begins on page 14 in Manual Need to know terms in bold print throughout Exercise 3 Body Planes –Frontal--divides the body into anterior and posterior halves (the front half and the back half) –Sagittal--divides the body into right and left halves BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

2 Body Terminology Lab 1 –Transverse-divides the body into upper and lower halves –Dorsal Cavity cranial and spinal cavities are part of the dorsal cavity Posterior Cavity is the same thing as the Dorsal Cavity; text uses the word “posterior”; lab manual uses the word dorsal BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

3 Body Terminology Lab 1 Ventral Cavity: contains –Thoracic Cavity divided into the Right and Left Pleural cavities –Mediastium -part of the thoracic cavity; is in the middle of the thorax and contains all the thoracic viscera except the lungs –Pericardial Cavity –Abdominopelvic Cavity (located below or caudal to the diaphragm ) Can be sub-divided into the Abdominal Cavity Pelvic Cavity BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

4 REMINDER Do the activity on page 18 to become familiar with the human body. You can work in teams to help you locate the organs. See page 14 and answer the questions on slide 5 of the handout. BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

1. The hands are _______________ to your shoulders. 2.The nose is _____________ to the ears. 3.The knee is _________ to the hip. 4.The hip is __________ to the knees. 5.The shoulder is __________to the elbow. 6.The feet are __________ to the knee. 7.The fingers are __________ to the wrist. 8.The wrist is _________________ to the fingers. 9.The eyes are _________ to the ears. 10.The ears are ________ to the nose. 11.The elbow is _____________ to the shoulder. 12.The feet are ________ to the hip. 13.The elbow is ________ to the hand. 5BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

6 The Microscope Essentially a magnifying device Two basic styles –monocular –binocular Eyepiece lens- –usually magnifies ten times (10X) –eye dominance BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

7 Microscope Revolving nose piece with objective lenses at end –has 3 different lenses –4x (low), 10x (medium/working), 40x (high- dry) –some scopes have a 100x lens which is also called oil immersion lens because requires drop of oil to help clarify image BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

8 Microscope Stage: platform on which to place slide –use clamp to hold slide in place Focusing knob: moves stage up or down and right to left Coarse adjustment knob** –**only use this with the 4x lens BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

9 Microscope Fine adjustment knob –be careful when using this--can damage slide Parfocal our scopes have the ability to remain in focus when you switch to the higher lens; so DON’T MOVE THE COARSE OR FINE ADJUSTMENTS WHEN CHANGING LENS Light- can be bright or dim BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

10 Microscope MAGNIFICATION –always begin with the lowest magnification lens (4x) –get object in focus and centered –objects have best depth of field or depth perception in lowest magnification, AND also have widest size of field (area you are viewing) Remember that as you increase magnification, you are looking at a smaller part of your slide specimen –so, center your specimen so you can find it in the higher power BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

11 Microscope Cleaning and caring for the microscope –if something is blurry, eyepiece and lens may be dirty ONLY use lens paper to clean –lens is delicate; don’t want to scratch it –use 1 drop of liquid on lens paper and gently rub onto eyepiece and lens –dry lenses with another piece of lens paper BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

12 Microscope Putting your microscope away –wrap cord around your hand and place over ocular tube –cover with dust cover –use 2 hands to hold the arm of the microscope and under the base to place it back in cabinet BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

13 REMINDER Microscope 1. Do the letter “e” observation 2. Do the Crossed threads observation 3. Do NOT do the wet mount slide; our slides are already prepared. 4. DO Examine an epithelial cell slide BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

14 Cell Anatomy Lecture 1 Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of the body. All cells gather raw materials, excrete wastes, make macromolecules, grow, and reproduce. All cells have 3 main parts: BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

15 –plasma membrane (also called cell membrane): is the outer boundary of the cell. It separates the contents of the cell from the surrounding environment. Is selectively permeable (allows some, but not all, molecules to pass through it –nucleus: controls cellular activity and lies near the center of the cell contains the genes, the instructions needed to build nearly all the body’s proteins outer surface of the nucleus made of a double layered material called the nuclear membrane is surrounded by cytoplasm BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

16 Cell Anatomy Lecture 1 –cytoplasm: is the cellular material between the cell membrane and the nucleus is the site where most cellular activities are accomplished Composed of cytosol, a soft, gel-like fluid which contains organelles Organelles are specialized cellular compartments, each of which performs a specific job to maintain the life of the cell BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts

17 REMINDER Cell Anatomy 1. The slide book is on the table with multiple sets of the slides for the lab. 2. Perform the activity beginning on page 10 of your lab manual and draw your interpretation of each of the slides indicated. BIOL 102 Lab 1 Handouts