Lloyd C. Mohr Upper Great Lakes Management Unit Owen Sound, ON and Mark P. Ebener Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority Sault Ste. Marie, MI The Fisheries.

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Presentation transcript:

Lloyd C. Mohr Upper Great Lakes Management Unit Owen Sound, ON and Mark P. Ebener Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority Sault Ste. Marie, MI The Fisheries of Lake Huron

Commercial Fishery - Historical French Explorer Raudot wrote in 1710 "The fish that they fish for there are the trout, sturgeon, and the whitefish. This last (whitefish)..., must be the best fish in the world, since all those who have eaten it say that they never grow tired of it."

Commercial Fishery - Historical Koelz (1929) Berst and Spangler (1973) Peters (1981) Brown et al. (1999)

Commercial Fishery - Current A. Management Direction 1960’s Michigan’s fishery policy shift 1980’s Assertion of First Nation’s / Native American’s Treaty Rights - COTFMA (1979) 1984 Modernization of Ontario’s commercial Industry

Commercial Fishery - Current Commercial Fishing Fleet OCF Licences Ont. Fishers COTFMA Fishers 54 (1982)42 MI State Fishers 35 19

Commercial Fishery - Current Fleet Fishing Power Tracking ability Communication ability Size of vessels Processing capabilities B. Technology Changes

Commercial Fishery - Distribution Coregonids Percids Salmonids Other (catfish, carp…)

Commercial Fishery - Harvest 2.39 million kg5.98 million kg12.72 million kg

Commercial Fishery - Harvest

Commercial Fishery - Effort Large Mesh Gill Nets Lake Whitefish Walleye Chinook Salmon Lake Trout Carp (XLGE)

Commercial Fishery - Effort Bloater Chub / Yellow Perch Lake Herring Round Whitefish Small Mesh Gill Nets

Commercial Fishery - Effort Lake Whitefish Walleye Yellow Perch Round Whitefish Trap Nets

Commercial Fishery - Effort Channel Catfish Hook Sets

Commercial Fishery - Effort C. Gear Changes Net Material (Northern Michigan waters)

Commercial Fishery - Effort C. Gear Changes Height of Nets (Northern Michigan waters)

Commercial Fishery - Effort C. Gear Changes Twine Size (Northern Michigan waters)

Commercial Fishery - Effort C. Gear Changes Mesh Size (Canadian Waters)

Commercial Fishery - Synopsis Significant changes in Commercial Fishing Effort Commercial Fleet Dynamic - Participants changing Fishing Power increasing Significant changes in Commercial Fishing Harvest Lake whitefish dominant commercial species Lake Trout Incidental concern Warmwater species harvest decreasing

Recreational Fishery

Historically - nearshore fishery, Lodge or cottage based Walleye, yellow perch, bass and pike fisheries in Georgian Bay Yellow perch, lake herring fisheries in Saginaw Bay, northern Lake Huron (MI) Offshore fisheries not significant Recreational Fishery - Historical

Recreational Fishery - Current Technology advances Boats, electronics, gear Changes in Fish Community/Exotics Sea Lamprey, alewife, smelt

Recreational Fishery - Current Habitat Manipulation Spawning, Passage Rehab Technology advances Larger, safer boats, electronic gear Changes in Fish Community/Exotics Sea Lamprey, alewife, smelt Salmonid Stocking Strategy

Walleye, N. Pike, L. Herring, Yellow Perch, Smallmouth Bass Most stocks depressed Managed locally, stocking tool Vulnerable to over exploitation, environmental change, habitat loss, exotic invasions Recreational Fishery - Nearshore

Chinook salmon, Lake trout, Coho salmon, Brown trout, Rainbow trout Heavily dependent upon stocking Managed globally, Predator - Prey dynamics Lake trout targeting concerns Recreational Fishery - Offshore

Recreational Fishery - River Rainbow Trout, Chinook Salmon, Walleye, Catfish Habitat/Passage Main Issues Stocking used to manage Susceptible to environmental changes, habitat loss

Yellow Perch, Lake Whitefish, Lake Trout Dependent upon climate Highly variable Potential for high exploitation rates Recreational Fishery - Winter

Main Basin Recreational Fishery - Harvest

Main Basin Recreational Fishery - Yield

Main Basin Recreational Fishery - Effort

Recreational Fishery Georgian Bay

Recreational Fishery - Harvest/Effort South Western Georgian Bay

Recreational Fishery Georgian Bay 44.6 % effort SW G. BayS. Sound 126,000120,130 rd-hrs 63,00022,700 fish

North Channel Recreational Fishery Nearshore Walleye, Yellow Perch Northern Pike Bass Offshore Chinook Salmon Rainbow Trout Lake Trout Walleye

North Channel Recreational Fishery Bay of Islands 19,635 rd-hr 2,990 fish harvested North Shore Index 16,840 rd-hr 4,772 fish harvested North Shore Index 18,397 rd-hr 8,357 fish harvested

St. Mary’s River Recreational Fishery Joint Creel 556,399 ang-hr 141,544 fish harvested Key Species Yellow Perch Lake Herring Lake Whitefish walleye chinook salmon northern pike

Recreational Fishery - Overview Lake Huron Estimated Effort 4.23 million ang-hrs Estimated Harvest 1.73 million fish Estimated Yield 1.4 million kgs Pacific salmonids, percids

Lake Huron Fisheries Current Yield = 5.98 x10 6 (CH) x10 6 (RF) kg Extremely Diverse Evolved over past 20 years, over past 5 years, Future? Key Issues - Rehabilitation of Lake Trout - Stocking - Nearshore/River rehabilitation efforts - Changing fish/aquatic community - Exotics - Data needs

The Fisheries of Lake Huron