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Your father is very angry! Due to Economic crisis, the company your father is working for is unable to pay him salary for this month. However, his salary will be delayed till next month.

3 Assume that your father is earning a monthly salary of $ The company will pay in total of $ to your father next month ($5 000 x 2), being one month of salary owing to your father. This owing salary is known as Salary. This applies same to firms whereby revenues owing to them is known as Assume that your father is earning a monthly salary of $ The company will pay in total of $ to your father next month ($5 000 x 2), being one month of salary owing to your father. This owing salary is known as ACCRUED Salary. This applies same to firms whereby revenues owing to them is known as Accrued Revenues. Definition Are revenues earned for the current accounting period but not yet received as cash payment.

4 Accrued Revenue/Outstanding Revenue Mr Tan sub-lets a building for Phua CK for a monthly rental of $ Due to Phua’s negligence, Mr Tan does not receive $ for period from January to December Instead Mr Tan only receives $5 000 from Phua. Mr Tan sub-lets a building for Phua CK for a monthly rental of $ Due to Phua’s negligence, Mr Tan does not receive $ for period from January to December Instead Mr Tan only receives $5 000 from Phua. Scenario 1

5 Accrued Revenue/Outstanding Revenue –Should have received: $ –Only received:$ –Outstanding revenue:$ This owing amount of $7 000 is also known as Accrued Rent Revenue. Mr. Tan still owes PCK Ltd $7 000 that was not paid for the year of End of accounting period – December 2000

6 Accrued Revenue/Outstanding Revenue $ received$7 000 owing 31 Dec 2000 $ earned 1 Jan May 2000 JOURNAL Accrued Rent Revenue Accrued Rent Revenue Rent Revenue Rent Revenue Date Particulars Debit Credit Year 2000 $7 000 Dec 31 $7 000

7 RENT REVENUE a/c Year 2000 Dec 31 Bank $5 000 Year 2000 Dec 31 Profit & Loss $ Accrued rent $7 000 Revenue Accrued rent $7 000 Revenue $ PROFIT AND LOSS a/c Year 2000 Dec 31 Rent $ Revenue Revenue Accrued Revenue/Outstanding Revenue

8 BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 DEC 2000 Current Asset Accrued Revenue $7 000 ACCRUED RENT REVENUE a/c Year 2000 Dec 31 Bal c/d $7 000 Year 2000 Dec 31 Bal c/d $7 000 Year 2000 Dec 31 $7 000 Year 2001 Jan 1 Bal b/d $7 000 Rent Revenue $7 000 Accrued Revenue/Outstanding Revenue

9 Balance Day Adjustments - Accrued Revenue Definition Definition Nature of the entry - Debit or Credit entry? Nature of the entry - Debit or Credit entry? Distinguish the differences in adjustments between the Accrued Expenses and Accrued Revenues Distinguish the differences in adjustments between the Accrued Expenses and Accrued Revenues

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11 You have found a part-time job in MacDonald for three months. Your monthly salary is $500. By the end of the first month, you should have received $500 of what you have earned. However, the manager is such a nice person that he gives you $ (Two months’ salary). He understands that you need money to enjoy your school holidays. Balance Day Adjustments

12 Received :$500 x 2 (Two month’s salary) = $1 000 Earned :$500 Paid in advance :$500 This prepaid of salary (revenue) is known as Prepaid Revenue / Outstanding Revenue. $500 is the prepaid Revenue. Balance Day Adjustments

13 Prepaid Revenue/ Outstanding Revenue DEFINITION Are revenues received in advance for which the services not yet rendered/earned in the particular accounting year. Hence the received cash for such revenues is not considered as revenues for the current accounting year.

14 Prepaid Revenue/ Outstanding Revenue Recall that Mr Phua CK decided to pay in advance his rents to “save face”. Hence Mr Tan received $18 000, in which $ is the revenue earned for the accounting year of 2001 and $6 000 is prepaid revenue. Scenario 2

15 $ earned$6 000 in advance $ received JOURNAL Prepaid Rent Expense Prepaid Rent Expense Rent Expense Rent Expense Date Particulars Debit Credit Year 2001 $6 000 Dec 31 $ June Jan Dec 2001 Prepaid Revenue/ Outstanding Revenue

16 RENT REVENUE a/c Year 2001 Dec 31 Bank $ Year 2001 Dec 31 Profit & Loss $ Prepaid rent $6 000 Revenue $ PROFIT AND LOSS a/c Year 2001 Dec 31 Rent $ Revenue Prepaid Revenue/ Outstanding Revenue

17 Current Liabilities Prepaid Revenue $6 000 PREPAID RENT REVENUE a/c Year 2001 Dec 31 Bal c/d $6 000 Year 2001 Dec 31 $6 000 Year 2002 Jan 1 Bal b/d $6 000 Rent Revenue $6 000 BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 DEC 2001 Prepaid Revenue/ Outstanding Revenue

18 Balance Day Adjustments - Prepaid Revenue Definition Definition Nature of the entry Nature of the entry Distinguish the differences in adjustments between accrued revenues and prepaid revenues Distinguish the differences in adjustments between accrued revenues and prepaid revenues

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20 Practice - Accrued and Prepaid Revenues Trial Balance as at 31 August 2001 Particulars DebitCredit $ Rent Commission7 000 Adjustments 1) 1)$300 of the rent revenue was received in advance. 2) 2)The monthly commission was $700. The accounting period is from 1 July 2000 to 31 August 2001

21 Practice - Accrued and Prepaid Revenues JOURNAL Particulars Debit Credit$ 1 Rent Revenue 300 Prepaid Rent Revenue 300 (Being amount of revenue received in advance) 2 Accrued Commission Revenue Commission Revenue (Being revenue earned but not yet received)

22 1 Rent Revenue Prepaid Rent Revenue Profit & Loss for the year ended 31 Aug 2001 Prepaid Rent Revenue Balance Sheet as at 31 Aug 2001 Current Liability Prepaid Rent Rev300 Rent Revenue $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Rent Revenue 300Bal c/d 300 Cash at Bank Prepaid Rent Rev 300 Profit & Loss 1 200

23 2 Commission Revenue Accrued Commission Revenue Profit & Loss for the year ended 31 Aug 2001 Accrued Commission Revenue Balance Sheet as at 31 Aug 2001 Current Asset Accrued Comm Rev Rent Revenue $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Rent Revenue 1 400Bal c/d Cash at Bank Accrued Comm Rev Profit & Loss 8 400

24 Conclusion Accrued Expenses Prepaid Expenses Accrued Revenues Prepaid Revenues Amount incurred for the accounting period but not yet paid for. Amount not yet incurred for the accounting period buy have been paid for. Amount earned for the accounting period but not yet received as cash payment. Amount not earned for the accounting period but have been paid for. Credit Entry Debit Entry Credit Entry

25 Conclusion Accrued Expenses Prepaid Expenses Accrued Revenues Prepaid Revenues Dr Expense A/C Cr Accrued Expense A/C Dr Prepaid Expense A/C Cr Expense A/C Dr Accrued Revenue A/C Cr Revenue A/C Dr Revenue A/C Cr Prepaid Revenue A/C

26 Conclusion Accrued Expenses Prepaid Expenses Accrued Revenues Prepaid Revenues Current Liability Current Assets Current Liability