Who Does What Susan Handy TTP282 October 2009

Players Government Industry Citizens/ Consumers

Players Government Industry Citizens/ Consumers Highways Transit Ports Airports etc. Railroads Vehicles Trucking Taxis/shuttles etc.

Government Levels Federal State Local, i.e. City, County And… special agencies –MPOs –Transit agencies –Port authorities –etc. Mechanisms Regulate Tax Build Operate Allocate

LevelAgenciesPrimary concern Roles FederalFHWA FTA National Highway System Policies – planning process Funding – highways, transit, other Programs – e.g. bikes and peds, livable communities, etc. StateDOTHighways outside metro areas Policies – State Transportation Plan, TIP Funding – federal match, state programs Implementation – construction, maintenance RegionalMPO Transit Highways, transit within metro areas Policies – Regional Transportation Plan, TIP Funding – local sales tax Implementation – transit system and operations LocalPlanning Public Works Local streets Policies – General Plan, capital improvements Funding – general revenues, special taxes Implementation – construction, maintenance collects & distributes $$$; regulates

SAFETEA-LU: Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act – a Legacy for Users Multi-year authorization bill that sets: –Funding by category –Planning requirements Bill does NOT select actual projects… –With exception of “earmarks”

TitleProgramSAFETEA-LU Title IInterstate Maintenance 25,201,5959.9% National Highway System 30,541, % Bridge Program 21,607,4418.5% Surface Transpn Program 32,599, % CMAQ 8,609,1003.4% High Priority Projects 14,832,0005.8% MG/Bonus Equity 40,895, % Other Highway Programs 25,203,2009.9% Title IIHighway Safety 3,131,5921.2% Title IIIFormula Grants 34,476, % Capital Grants 9,890,3643.9% Other Transit Programs 946,5540.4% Titles IV-XMisc. Programs 7,595,0353.0% Total 255,530,104

Other Federal Legislation Clean Air Act Energy Policy Conservation Act National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Environmental Justice

Primary Air Quality Standards for Transportation-related Pollutant PollutantType of AverageConcentration CO 8-hour 1-hour 9 ppm (10mg/m 3 ) 35 ppm (40 mg/m 3 ) O3O3 8-hour 1-hour 0.08 ppm (157 mg/m 3 ) 0.12 ppm (235mg/m 3 ) PM 2.5 Annual 24-hour 15 ug/m 3 65 ug/m 3 PM 10 Annual 24-hour 50 ug/m ug/m 3 ppm = parts per million mg/m 3 = milligrams per meter cubed ug/m 3 = micrograms per meter cubed Source:

Classified 1-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Areas Source:

Percentage of Change in Motor Vehicle Emissions Related to Demographics and Transportation ( ) Source:

Source:

NEPA Requires federal agencies to integrate environmental values into their decision making processes by considering the environmental impacts of their proposed actions and reasonable alternatives to those actions. To meet requirements, federal agencies prepare a detailed statement known as an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS).

Grand Prairie example… “By careful attention to design and detail, the facility would blend into the urban backdrop against which it is viewed…” – SH161 EIS

Source: "No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national origin be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." - Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 "Each Federal agency shall make achieving environmental justice part of its mission by identifying and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects of its programs, policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income populations." - Executive Order 12898, Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations, 1994

WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE? There are three fundamental environmental justice principles: To avoid, minimize, or mitigate disproportionately high and adverse human health and environmental effects, including social and economic effects, on minority populations and low-income populations. To ensure the full and fair participation by all potentially affected communities in the transportation decision-making process. To prevent the denial of, reduction in, or significant delay in the receipt of benefits by minority and low-income populations. Source:

LevelAgenciesPrimary concern Roles FederalFHWA FTA National Highway System Policies – planning process Funding – highways, transit, other Programs – e.g. bikes and peds, livable communities, etc. StateDOTHighways, outside metro areas Policies – State Transportation Plan, TIP Funding – federal match, state programs Implementation – construction, maintenance RegionalMPO Transit Highways, transit within metro areas Policies – Regional Transportation Plan, TIP Funding – local sales tax Implementation – transit system and operations LocalPlanning Public Works Local streets Policies – General Plan, capital improvements Funding – general revenues, special taxes Implementation – construction, maintenance Builds & operates highways

LevelAgenciesPrimary concern Roles FederalFHWA FTA National Highway System Policies – planning process Funding – highways, transit, other Programs – e.g. bikes and peds, livable communities, etc. StateDOTHighways outside metro areas Policies – State Transportation Plan, TIP Funding – federal match, state programs Implementation – construction, maintenance RegionalMPO Transit Highways, transit within metro areas Policies – Regional Transportation Plan, TIP Funding – local sales tax Implementation – transit system and operations LocalPlanning Public Works Local streets Policies – General Plan, capital improvements Funding – general revenues, special taxes Implementation – construction, maintenance Planning & programming

Long-Range Plans Scope: 20 years or more Timing: updated every 4 years (or 5) Planning factors Public involvement Fiscal realism Coordination with other plans Certification of planning activities

Source:

Baseline…

“No Build”…

“Build”…

LevelAgenciesPrimary concern Roles FederalFHWA FTA National Highway System Policies – planning process Funding – highways, transit, other Programs – e.g. bikes and peds, livable communities, etc. StateDOTHighways outside metro areas Policies – State Transportation Plan, TIP Funding – federal match, state programs Implementation – construction, maintenance RegionalMPO Transit Highways, transit within metro areas Policies – Regional Transportation Plan, TIP Funding – local sales tax Implementation – transit system and operations LocalPlanning Public Works Local streets Policies – General Plan, capital improvements Funding – general revenues, special taxes Implementation – construction, maintenance Build & maintain local streets

National Committee on Urban Transportation, 1958

Source:

LevelTransportation Agencies Land Use Agencies FederalFHWA FTA none StateDOTnone RegionalMPO Transit none LocalPlanning Public Works (City and County) Planning (City and County) Transportation vs. Land Use Planning

Next up: Michael Zhang on Traffic Control